SLC1A2 Antibody, FITC conjugated

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Description

Target Protein and Function

SLC1A2 (solute carrier family 1 member 2) is a membrane-bound transporter critical for clearing extracellular glutamate in the central nervous system. By cotransporting sodium and glutamate, it terminates synaptic signaling and prevents excitotoxicity . Mutations or reduced expression of SLC1A2 are implicated in neurological disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and epilepsy .

Recommended Use Cases

The SLC1A2-FITC antibody is optimized for:

  • Immunofluorescence (IF): Direct visualization of SLC1A2 in brain tissue sections or cultured cells.

  • Western Blot (WB): Detection of SLC1A2 in lysates (dilution: 1:500–1:5000) .

  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Localization in paraffin-embedded tissue (dilution: 1:20–1:200) .

Key Validation Data

  • Specificity: Targets the extracellular domain of SLC1A2, minimizing cross-reactivity with intracellular epitopes .

  • Sensitivity: Detects SLC1A2 in human brain tissue homogenates and cell lines .

  • Compatibility: Works with standard protocols for FITC-based fluorescence microscopy .

Neurological Disease Studies

  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): Reduced SLC1A2 expression correlates with disease progression. FITC-conjugated antibodies enable colocalization studies with markers of neurodegeneration (e.g., TDP-43) .

  • Epilepsy and Neuroinflammation: SLC1A2 downregulation in astrocytes exacerbates glutamate toxicity. IF studies using this antibody track transporter dynamics in seizure models .

Mechanistic Insights

  • Regulation: SLC1A2 activity is modulated by post-translational modifications (e.g., phosphorylation). Fluorescence-based assays with FITC-conjugated antibodies monitor transporter trafficking in live cells .

Comparative Analysis: SLC1A2 Antibodies

ProductConjugateApplicationsImmunogen RegionHostReactivitySource
CSB-PA021433LC01HUFITCWB, IHC, IF460–574 AARabbitHuman
CAC12581UnconjugatedELISA, WB, FCSynthetic peptideHEK293FHuman
ABIN2778148UnconjugatedWB, IHCN-Terminal domainRabbitHuman, Mouse, Rat
RP1065UnconjugatedWB, IHC, IFNot specifiedRabbitHuman, Mouse, Rat

Product Specs

Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
Typically, we can ship your order within 1-3 business days of receipt. Delivery timelines may vary depending on the shipping method and destination. For specific delivery details, please contact your local distributor.
Synonyms
EAA2_HUMAN antibody; EAAT2 antibody; Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 antibody; Excitotoxic amino acid transporter 2 antibody; Glial high affinity glutamate transporter antibody; GLT 1 antibody; GLT1 antibody; Glutamate aspartate transporter II antibody; Glutamate transporter 1 antibody; Glutamate/aspartate transporter II antibody; Slc1a2 antibody; Sodium dependent glutamate aspartate transporter 2 antibody; Sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter 2 antibody; solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter); member 2 antibody; Solute carrier family 1 glial high affinity glutamate transporter member 2 antibody; Solute carrier family 1 member 2 antibody
Target Names
Uniprot No.

Target Background

Function
SLC1A2, also known as GLT-1, is a sodium-dependent, high-affinity amino acid transporter that facilitates the uptake of L-glutamate and, to a lesser extent, L-aspartate and D-aspartate. It acts as a symporter, transporting one amino acid molecule along with two or three sodium ions and one proton, concurrently counter-transporting one potassium ion. This transporter also mediates chloride ion flux independently of amino acid transport, preventing the accumulation of negative charges resulting from aspartate and sodium symport. SLC1A2 is crucial for the rapid removal of released glutamate from the synaptic cleft, thereby terminating the postsynaptic action of glutamate.
Gene References Into Functions
  1. Activated astrocytes with increased GLT-1 expression may play a beneficial role in preserving cognitive function, even in the presence of amyloid-beta and neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease. PMID: 29374250
  2. A study found that rs3794087 of SLC1A2 does not lead to an increased risk of Parkinson's disease in the Chinese Han population. PMID: 29275184
  3. Research suggests that the TM4 domain of GLT-1, and possibly other glutamate transporters, undergoes a complex conformational change during substrate translocation. This involves an increase in the proximity of the TM2 and TM4 domains in the inward-facing conformation. PMID: 27698371
  4. Researchers demonstrated that upregulation of GLT1 corrected Purkinje cell firing and motor incoordination in myotonic dystrophy. PMID: 28658620
  5. A study showed that EAAT2 expression is enhanced in the ET dentate nucleus, in contrast to differentially reduced EAAT2 levels in the ET cerebellar cortex. PMID: 27624392
  6. A review summarizes the history leading up to the recognition of GLT-1a as a presynaptic glutamate transporter. PMID: 27129805
  7. A study provides further evidence for SLC1A2 mutations in epileptic encephalopathies and suggests a gain-of-function mechanism for this severe presentation. PMID: 28777935
  8. GLT1 was identified as a target of miR-31-5p and miR-200c-3p, and both its mRNA and protein levels significantly decreased with age in liver biopsies and in the hepatic centrilobular zone, respectively. PMID: 27995756
  9. Mutations in SLC1A2 and CACNA1A are recognized as significant causes of epileptic encephalopathies. PMID: 27476654
  10. Research suggests that SLC1A2 rs3794087 may decrease the risk of Parkinson's disease in a Chinese cohort, but does not support a role in the susceptibility to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or multiple system atrophy. PMID: 27206883
  11. Studies indicate that Abeta1-42 oligomers can cause disturbances in insulin/Akt/EAAT signaling in astrocytes. PMID: 26358886
  12. A study found no association between SLC1A2 rs3794087 and the risk for essential tremor. PMID: 27456607
  13. Results suggest that genetic variation (rs4354668 and its haplotypes) in SLC1A2 may be involved in impaired executive function, contributing to the current understanding of the risk of schizophrenia and impaired cognitive performance. PMID: 26459047
  14. SPAK and OSR1 are identified as powerful negative regulators of the excitatory glutamate transporters EAAT1 and EAAT2. PMID: 26233565
  15. A meta-analysis indicates that rs3794087 is not associated with the risk of essential tremor. PMID: 26313486
  16. PPARgamma agonist pioglitazone has been shown to modulate EAAT2 expression in glioma cells. PMID: 26046374
  17. Two recurrent SLC1A2 missense variants and one recurrent 5'-untranslated region variant were associated with susceptibility to the development of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. PMID: 25406999
  18. The hydroxyl side chain of a highly conserved serine residue has been determined to be essential for cation selectivity and substrate transport in the glial glutamate transporter GLT-1/SLC1A2. PMID: 26483543
  19. Elevated levels of the splice variant EAAT2b are observed in populations of anterior cingulate cortex pyramidal cells in schizophrenic patients. PMID: 26057049
  20. The transcriptional factor yin yang 1 plays a crucial role in the repressive effects of various neurotoxins, such as manganese (Mn), on EAAT2 expression. This review focuses on transcriptional epigenetics and translational regulation of EAAT2. PMID: 25064045
  21. Research showed that EAAT2 levels were significantly decreased in the essential tremor cerebellar cortex, in contrast to similar levels of EAAT1 levels between essential tremor cases and controls. PMID: 25391854
  22. Studies have shown that the delivered miR-124 increased the expression of the glutamate transporters, EAAT1 in NPCs and EAAT2 in both NPCs and astrocytes. PMID: 25036385
  23. Research describes EAAT1 and EAAT2 labeling in the prefrontal cortex in human postmortem control brains at the light and electron microscopic level. PMID: 25064059
  24. The EAAT-2 glutamate transporter plays a role in human liver cholestasis. PMID: 24587631
  25. Statistical analysis indicates that a reduction in GAD1 and SCL1A2 expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in subjects with major depressive disorder is related to a possible attenuated RAF/MEK/ERK pathway. PMID: 24652383
  26. Sumoylated EAAT2 localizes to intracellular compartments, whereas non-sumoylated EAAT2 resides on the plasma membrane. PMID: 24753081
  27. A study demonstrated an association between glutamate transporter polymorphism and early stress in influencing hippocampal gray matter volume in patients. PMID: 24518437
  28. The rs3794087 genotype and allelic variants were not related to the risk of migraine in Caucasian Spanish people. PMID: 24412224
  29. SNP rs3794087 is not related to risk for restless legs syndrome. PMID: 24424098
  30. IL-1beta treatment of AEG-1-overexpressing astrocytes significantly lowered the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2. PMID: 24855648
  31. SLC1A2 rs3794087 does not play a role in susceptibility to essential tremor. PMID: 24139280
  32. Findings suggest important roles for up-regulated EAAT2 in chronic brain ischemia, particularly in the regulation of high-affinity extracellular glutamate and minimization of white matter damage. PMID: 23602887
  33. Research showed that single nucleotide polymorphism rs3794087 was associated with essential tremor in the Taiwanese population. PMID: 23951268
  34. A study suggests that SLC1A2 rs3794087 is not associated with the risk of developing familial essential tremor in the Spanish population. PMID: 23949322
  35. This study demonstrated an association between polymorphisms in the glutamate transporter SLC1A2 and Parkinson's disease. PMID: 23390085
  36. The expression of the membrane transporters SLC1A2 and SLC1A3 was diminished in the major depressive disorder group compared to controls. PMID: 23706640
  37. SLC1A2 transports neurotoxic glutamic acid, which can cause major mental illnesses. PMID: 24334928
  38. Major depressive disorder is associated with unhealthy astrocytes in the noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus, characterized by a reduction in astrocyte glutamate transporter expression. PMID: 23415275
  39. Decreased EAAT2 protein expression alters glutamate buffering and reuptake in the superior temporal gyrus and hippocampus in patients with schizophrenia. PMID: 23356950
  40. Researchers provided confirmation of an association of SLC1A2 intronic variant (rs3794087) with Essential tremor in the Chinese population. PMID: 23596072
  41. The expression of EAAT2 in pyramidal neurons during human brain development may contribute to cortical vulnerability to excitotoxicity during the critical period for perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. PMID: 22522966
  42. Increased EAAT2 expression can protect against status epilepticus-induced death, neuropathological changes, and chronic seizure development. PMID: 22513140
  43. In lithium-untreated bipolar patients, a significant effect of genotype on the total episode recurrence rate was observed. PMID: 23023733
  44. The presence of the G allele is associated, among patients with schizophrenia, with a negative impact on core cognitive functions that rely on prefrontal cortex activity. PMID: 22728822
  45. A study revealed an association between EAAT2 protein expression in the human nucleus accumbens and a genetic polymorphism of EAAT2. PMID: 22750157
  46. Decreased SLC1A2 is linked to sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 22903028
  47. SLC1A2, encoding the major glial high-affinity glutamate reuptake transporter in the brain, has been identified as a potential essential tremor susceptibility gene. PMID: 22764253
  48. GLT-1 endocytosis is independent of its phosphorylation, and Nedd4-2 mediates PKC-dependent down-regulation of the transporter. PMID: 22505712
  49. RNA editing in pre-mRNA EAAT2 appears to activate a cryptic alternative polyadenylation site, generating retention transcripts at a novel site in intron 7 of EAAT2. PMID: 21569822
  50. There is no evidence for cellular internalization in vivo of NMO-IgG, aquaporin-4, and excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in neuromyelitis optica. PMID: 22069320

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Database Links

HGNC: 10940

OMIM: 600300

KEGG: hsa:6506

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000278379

UniGene: Hs.502338

Involvement In Disease
Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 41 (EIEE41)
Protein Families
Dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2.A.23) family, SLC1A2 subfamily
Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.

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