Function
STEAP3 is an endosomal ferrireductase crucial for efficient transferrin-dependent iron uptake in erythroid cells. It plays a role in erythroid iron homeostasis by reducing Fe(3+) to Fe(2+). STEAP3 can also reduce Cu(2+) to Cu(1+), suggesting its involvement in copper homeostasis. It utilizes NADP(+) as an acceptor. Additionally, STEAP3 may function downstream of p53/TP53 to interface apoptosis and cell cycle progression. It is also indirectly involved in exosome secretion by facilitating the secretion of proteins such as TCTP.
Gene References Into Functions
- In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), lower expression of the STEAP3 copper reductase and heavy Cu isotope enrichment have been reported for the tumor mass, relative to the surrounding tissue. PMID: 28303916
- Overexpression of TSAP6 is associated with poor survival in metastatic high-grade serous carcinoma. PMID: 27825812
- Heterozygous STEAP3 mutations are relatively common in humans, but their deleterious effect in humans remains to be confirmed. PMID: 26675350
- TSAP6 is a target of rhomboid protease RHBDD1-induced proteolysis. PMID: 22624035
- Research indicates that STEAP3 maintains iron storage in human malignant cells and tumor proliferation under hypoferric conditions. PMID: 21871451
- TSAP6 may augment Myt1 activity and act downstream to p53 to interface apoptosis and cell-cycle progression. PMID: 12606722
- TSAP6 plays a role in the export of TCTP, suggesting that this multipass membrane protein could have a general role in the regulation of vesicular trafficking and secretion. PMID: 15319436
- The crystal structure of the human Steap3 oxidoreductase domain was determined both in the absence and presence of NADPH. PMID: 18495927
- Down-regulated expression of the TSAP6 protein in the liver is associated with a transition from cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 19236508
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Involvement In Disease
Anemia, hypochromic microcytic, with iron overload 2 (AHMIO2)
Protein Families
STEAP family
Subcellular Location
Endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Localizes to vesicular-like structures at the plasma membrane and around the nucleus.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in adult bone marrow, placenta, liver, skeletal muscle and pancreas. Down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma.