STR16 Antibody

Molecular Structure and Target Protein

Syntaxin 16 is a type IV transmembrane protein with distinct structural domains:

• Cytoplasmic syntaxin region (amino acids 74–180): Mediates SNARE complex interactions.

• Coiled-coil domain (aa 230–292): Facilitates protein-protein interactions during vesicle docking.

• Short lumenal C-terminus: Anchors the protein to Golgi membranes .

Multiple isoforms exist due to alternate start sites (e.g., Met187, Met54) and deletions (e.g., aa 45–48, 28–48) . The antibody typically targets epitopes within the cytoplasmic region, such as the immunogen sequence ACSEQEGRLLGNVVASLAQALQELSTSFRHAQSGYLKRMKNREERSQHFFDTSVPLMDDGDDNTLYHR .

Research Applications

STX16 Antibody is widely used in:

• Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Mapping STX16 distribution in normal and cancerous tissues .

• Western Blot (WB): Detecting ~39 kDa bands in lysates from Golgi-rich cell lines .

• Immunofluorescence (IF): Visualizing STX16 in early endosome-Golgi fusion assays .

Key findings include its 95% amino acid identity with mouse STX16 (aa 165–301), enabling cross-species studies .

Clinical Significance

STX16 Antibody has diagnostic and prognostic implications:

• Autoimmune Disorders: Elevated titers correlate with myasthenia gravis (MG) and myocarditis, particularly in thymoma-associated cases .

• Paraneoplastic Syndromes: Titers ≥1:7680 signal higher cancer risk (e.g., adenocarcinoma, sarcoma) .

Validation and Characterization

STX16 Antibodies undergo rigorous validation:

• Enhanced Protocols: YCharOS uses knockout cell lines for specificity testing in WB and IF .

• Human Protein Atlas: Includes IHC data across 44 normal and 20 cancer tissues .

• Protein Arrays: Screened against 364 recombinant human proteins to minimize cross-reactivity .

Comparative Analysis

While STX16 Antibody focuses on intracellular trafficking, other syntaxin antibodies (e.g., STX1A, STX4) target synaptic vesicle exocytosis or glucose transporters. STX16’s unique role in retrograde transport distinguishes it from syntaxins involved in anterograde pathways .