TCP10L Antibody

Definition and Target Specificity

TCP10L antibodies are polyclonal or monoclonal reagents designed to detect TCP10L, a 24 kDa protein encoded by the TCP10L gene (UniProt ID: Q8TDR4). These antibodies are validated for use in western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and ELISA. Key characteristics include:

• Immunogen: Typically a TCP10L fusion protein (e.g., residues 1–215) .

• Species Reactivity: Human and mouse .

• Observed Molecular Weight: ~24 kDa in WB .

Development and Validation

TCP10L antibodies undergo rigorous validation to ensure specificity and reproducibility:

• Western Blot: Detects TCP10L in mouse testis lysates and HCC cell lines (e.g., Hep3B, HepG2) .

• Immunohistochemistry: Shows strong staining in human testis and liver tissues, with reduced expression in HCC tumors .

• Functional Validation: Confirmed via knockdown/overexpression experiments in HCC models, demonstrating inverse correlation with AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) levels .

Research Applications

TCP10L antibodies have been pivotal in elucidating the protein’s role in HCC:

• Mechanistic Studies:

  • TCP10L binds the AFP promoter (-981 to -821 bp) and suppresses AFP transcription via its leucine zipper (LZ) domain, as shown by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays .

  • Overexpression of TCP10L reduces AFP protein levels by 60–80% in Hep3B cells, while knockdown increases AFP expression .

• Protein-Protein Interactions:

  • Co-immunoprecipitation confirms TCP10L’s interaction with MAD1 (MAX dimerization protein 1), stabilizing MAD1 and enhancing its tumor-suppressive activity .

Tumor Suppression in HCC

• TCP10L is downregulated in 50–60% of HCC cases, correlating with larger tumor size and advanced Milan criteria .

• Low TCP10L expression associates with elevated serum AFP (>20 ng/mL; P = 0.024) and poorer prognosis .

Transcriptional Regulation

• TCP10L recruits MAD1 to repress oncogenic pathways, inducing G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibiting tumor growth in vivo .

• The LZ domain is essential for TCP10L’s function; deletion mutants (ΔLZ) fail to suppress AFP or stabilize MAD1 .

Clinical and Therapeutic Implications

• Prognostic Marker: TCP10L expression inversely correlates with AFP, offering potential as a biomarker for HCC diagnosis .

• Therapeutic Target: Restoring TCP10L expression could suppress AFP-driven tumorigenesis, highlighting its utility in drug development .