Customize TMEM245 Antibody

Description

Structure and Function of TMEM245

TMEM245 contains seven transmembrane domains and localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes . It is widely expressed across tissues, including the brain, liver, and reproductive organs . Key functional roles include:

Regulation of TGF-β/Smad and NF-κB signaling pathways, influencing cancer cell proliferation and metastasis .
Interaction with transcription factors such as FOXK1, modulating miR-32 and PTEN expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) .
Involvement in hypoxia responses via HIF1α regulation .

Cancer Studies

Colorectal Cancer (CRC):
TMEM245 is upregulated in CRC tissues and correlates with FOXK1 and miR-32 overexpression. Knockdown experiments using TMEM245 antibodies revealed reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis .
- FOXK1 binds to the TMEM245/miR-32 promoter, enhancing oncogenic signaling .
- PTEN suppression by TMEM245 promotes CRC malignancy .
Ovarian Cancer:
TMEM245 knockdown decreases cell adhesion, invasion, and TGF-β signaling .
Glioblastoma:
High TMEM245 mRNA levels correlate with poor survival. Antibody-based assays confirmed its role in NF-κB-mediated proliferation and migration .

Mechanistic Insights

TMEM245 regulates EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) via TGF-β/Smad pathways .
In chemoresistant cancer cells, TMEM245 inhibition reverses EMT and migration .

Clinical and Therapeutic Relevance

Biomarker Potential:
TMEM245 is a candidate biomarker for melanoma progression and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer .
Therapeutic Targeting:
Antibody-mediated TMEM245 inhibition reduces tumor growth in preclinical models, suggesting utility in targeted therapies .

References and Data Sources

Genetic and Protein Databases:
- GeneCards (ID: 23731)
- UniProt (Entry: Q9H330)
- NCBI Gene (ID: 23731)
Antibody Validation:
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (PA5-54916)
- Human Protein Atlas

Product Specs

Buffer

Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4

Form

Liquid

Lead Time

Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)

Synonyms

TMEM245 antibody; C9orf5 antibody; Transmembrane protein 245 antibody; Protein CG-2 antibody

Target Names

TMEM245

Uniprot No.

Q9H330

Target Background

Gene References Into Functions

Our analysis revealed five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes BCL9 and C9orf5, exhibiting a strong association with negative symptoms of schizophrenia. This finding is supported by a study published in 2013 (PMID: 23382809).

Database Links

HGNC: 1363

KEGG: hsa:23731

UniGene: Hs.308074

Protein Families

Autoinducer-2 exporter (AI-2E) (TC 2.A.86) family

Subcellular Location

Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.

Tissue Specificity

Widely expressed.

Q&A

Here’s a structured FAQ collection for researchers studying TMEM245 antibodies, organized by basic and advanced research questions, incorporating methodological guidance and data from diverse sources:

Advanced Research Questions

How can I resolve conflicting TMEM245 localization data between IHC and Western blot?

Troubleshooting framework:

Observation	Potential Cause	Solution
Nuclear signal in IHC but cytoplasmic band in WB	Post-translational modification (e.g., cleavage)	Perform subcellular fractionation + WB; use protease inhibitors during lysis .
No WB band but positive IHC	Epitope masking in denatured WB	Test native PAGE or proximity ligation assays .

What strategies improve TMEM245 antibody performance in multiplex spatial proteomics?

Approach:
- Use tyramide signal amplification (TSA) to enhance sensitivity without cross-talk.
- Validate antibody compatibility with decrosslinking protocols (e.g., pH 6.0 citrate buffer vs. proteinase K).
- Pair with RNAscope™ for simultaneous TMEM245 mRNA/protein co-detection .

How do TMEM245 genetic variants (e.g., ClinVar uncertain significance variants) impact antibody binding?

Analysis workflow:
- Map all ClinVar variants (53 total: 47 uncertain significance, 5 likely benign ) onto the TMEM245 epitope (residues 50-150 in immunogen ).
- Use AlphaFold2-predicted structures to assess variant proximity to antibody-binding regions.
- Validate via site-directed mutagenesis and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) binding assays.

Methodological Comparisons

Polyclonal vs. monoclonal TMEM245 antibodies: Which is preferable for phospho-specific assays?

Parameter	Polyclonal	Monoclonal
Epitope coverage	Broad (multiple epitopes)	Single epitope
Batch variability	High (multiclonal)	Low
Phospho-specificity	Requires affinity purification	Easier to engineer
Recommended use	Initial target discovery	High-throughput screens

Data Interpretation Guidelines

How to distinguish true TMEM245 expression from antibody artifacts in single-cell RNA-seq integration?

Correlative analysis:
- Require ≥5% co-expression with TMEM245 mRNA in scRNA-seq clusters.
- Exclude samples where antibody signal inversely correlates with RNA expression (suggests non-specific binding).
- Use CITE-seq with DNA-barcoded TMEM245 antibodies for direct RNA-protein correlation .

What computational tools predict TMEM245 antibody-antigen interactions?

Tools:
- ABodyBuilder2: Models paratope-epitope interfaces using sequence data .
- PyIgClassify: Analyzes CDR loop conformations for cross-reactivity risk assessment.
- IEDB Analysis Resource: Predicts immunogen-specific B-cell epitopes (immunogen sequence provided in ).

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TMEM245 Antibody