anti-Homo sapiens (Human) TMED4 Antibody raised in Rabbit

Description

What Is TMED4 Antibody?

TMED4 antibodies are immunoreagents designed to specifically bind to the TMED4 protein, a member of the EMP24/GP25L family involved in protein trafficking and ERS regulation. TMED4 plays a critical role in maintaining regulatory T cell (Treg) stability and function by modulating the IRE1α/XBP1 axis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis . Antibodies against TMED4 are widely used in techniques such as:

Western blotting (WB)
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Immunocytochemistry (ICC)
Immunoprecipitation (IP)

Key providers include Proteintech, LSBio, and Invitrogen, with validated antibodies targeting human, mouse, rat, and other species .

Validated TMED4 Antibodies and Their Applications

Below is a comparative analysis of widely used TMED4 antibodies:

Provider	Catalog No.	Clonality	Applications	Reactivity
Proteintech Group	14141-1-AP	Polyclonal	WB, ELISA, ICC, IP	Human, Mouse, Rat
LSBio	LS-C30631	Polyclonal	WB, IHC	Human, Mouse
Invitrogen Antibodies	14141-1-AP	Polyclonal	WB, ICC, IP, IF	Human, Mouse, Rat, Cow, Guinea Pig
antibodies-online	ABIN2776674	Polyclonal	WB, IHC	Human, Mouse, Rat, Pig, Zebrafish
GeneTex	GTX112712	Polyclonal	WB, ICC, IHC	Human, Mouse

Notes:

Epitope specificity: Most antibodies target the N-terminal region of TMED4 .
Cross-reactivity: Validated in multiple species, including cow, zebrafish, and guinea pig .

TMED4 in Treg Stability and Autoimmunity

Mechanism: TMED4 maintains Treg suppressive function by stabilizing Foxp3 through IRE1α/XBP1-mediated ROS regulation. Loss of TMED4 in Tregs (Tmed4 ΔTreg mice) leads to:
- Reduced Foxp3 stability and Treg signatures .
- Excessive ROS accumulation due to defective NRF2 antioxidant responses .
- Exacerbated autoimmune phenotypes (e.g., experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) and enhanced antitumor immunity .
Rescue strategies: ROS scavengers or IRE1α overexpression restore Treg function .

TMED4 and ER Stress Regulation

TMED4 interacts with BIP (binding immunoglobulin protein) to suppress IRE1α degradation via the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) system .
Deficiency in TMED4 disrupts mitochondrial integrity and amplifies ROS production, impairing Treg function in tumor microenvironments .

Implications for Disease Models

Cancer: Tmed4 ΔTreg mice show slower tumor growth and heightened CD8+ T cell activity due to dysfunctional Tregs .
Autoimmunity: TMED4-deficient mice exhibit severe inflammation and lymphocytic infiltration in organs like the lungs .

Regulatory and Environmental Modulation of TMED4

Chemical modulation: TMED4 expression is influenced by compounds such as:
- Propylthiouracil (decreases TMED4 mRNA) .
- Bisphenol S (increases TMED4 protein) .
Disease links: TMED4 is implicated in responses to toxins (e.g., carbon tetrachloride) and drugs (e.g., doxorubicin) .

Key Challenges and Future Directions

Antibody validation: Ensure batch-to-batch consistency for reproducibility in ERS and immune studies.
Therapeutic targeting: TMED4’s role in balancing ERS and ROS positions it as a potential target for autoimmune and cancer therapies.

Product Specs

Buffer

PBS with 0.02% Sodium Azide, 50% Glycerol, pH 7.3. Store at -20°C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Lead Time

Typically, we can ship your order within 1-3 business days of receiving it. Delivery times may vary depending on the purchase method or location. Please contact your local distributor for specific delivery details.

Synonyms

Endoplasmic reticulum stress-response protein 25 antibody; ERS25 antibody; GMP25iso antibody; HNLF antibody; p24 family protein alpha-3 antibody; p24alpha3 antibody; Putative NF-kappa-B-activating protein 156 antibody; Putative NFkB activating protein HNLF antibody; TMED4 antibody; TMED4_HUMAN antibody; Transmembrane emp24 domain containing protein 4 antibody; Transmembrane emp24 domain-containing protein 4 antibody; Transmembrane emp24 protein transport domain containing 4 antibody

Target Names

TMED4

Uniprot No.

Q7Z7H5

Target Background

Function

TMED4 antibody is involved in vesicular protein trafficking, primarily within the early secretory pathway. It plays a role in targeting, maintaining the Golgi apparatus, and facilitating the biosynthesis and processing of secreted cargo. Additionally, TMED4 is implicated in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. It may also contribute to the regulation of the heat-shock response and apoptosis.

Gene References Into Functions

ERS25, a gene related to TMED4, may play a critical role in regulating the heat-shock response and apoptosis. PMID: 18326488

Database Links

HGNC: 22301

OMIM: 612038

KEGG: hsa:222068

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000404042

UniGene: Hs.598832

Protein Families

EMP24/GP25L family

Subcellular Location

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.

Q&A

FAQs for Researchers on TMED4 Antibody Applications in Academic Research

Advanced Research Questions

How does TMED4 deficiency alter Treg suppressive function in autoimmune and cancer models?
- Data interpretation:
  - In Tmed4 ΔTreg mice, Tregs show reduced Foxp3 stability and increased ROS, leading to hyperactive CD4+/CD8+ T cells .
  - Use flow cytometry to quantify IFN-γ+ T cells in EAE or tumor models (e.g., MC38 tumors) .
  - Rescue experiments: Administer NRF2 inducers (e.g., sulforaphane) or ROS scavengers (e.g., NAC) to restore Treg function .
What mechanistic insights link TMED4 to the IRE1α/XBP1 axis?
- Contradiction resolution:
  - TMED4 stabilizes IRE1α by inhibiting ERAD-mediated degradation via BIP .
  - In TMED4-deficient Tregs, IRE1α levels drop, impairing XBP1 splicing and antioxidant responses .
  - Validate using forced IRE1α expression in KO models and monitor XBP1 splicing via RT-PCR .

Technical Considerations

How to address cross-reactivity discrepancies in multi-species studies?
- Validation framework:
  - Compare antibody reactivity using lysates from human, mouse, and rat tissues (e.g., liver, spleen) .
  - Note: Predicted reactivity is 91% for mouse and 86% for rat, but empirical validation is critical .
  - Use knockout controls for non-target species to rule off-target binding .
What controls are essential for TMED4 antibody use in protein trafficking studies?
- Best practices:
  - Include ER/Golgi markers (e.g., Calnexin, GM130) in IF/ICC to confirm subcellular localization .
  - For cargo interaction studies (e.g., POMC or Wnt proteins), combine IP with mass spectrometry .

Data Tables for Key Findings

Table 1: TMED4 Antibody Validation Data

Application	Sample Type	Observed MW (kDa)	Validation Outcome
WB	Mouse liver	24–26	Strong band
IHC	Rat liver	24–26	Specific staining
IF/ICC	HepG2 cells	N/A	ER/Golgi signal

Table 2: TMED4 Functional Interactions

Interaction Partner	Biological Role	Experimental System
IRE1α	Stabilizes IRE1α via ERAD	Tmed4 ΔTreg mice
BIP (GRP78)	ER chaperone for IRE1α	Co-IP assays
NRF2	Mediates antioxidant response	ROS scavenger rescue

Translational Research Insights

Can TMED4 modulation enhance antitumor immunity?
- Preclinical evidence:
  - Tmed4 ΔTreg mice show boosted CD8+ T cell activity and reduced tumor growth in MC38 models .
  - Strategy: Use TMED4 inhibitors to destabilize Tregs in combination with checkpoint blockade .
How do TMED4 isoforms impact antibody performance?
- Technical note:
  - TMED4 has no known isoforms, but post-translational modifications (e.g., glycosylation) may affect antibody binding .
  - Treat lysates with PNGase F to eliminate glycosylation artifacts in WB .

Quick Inquiry

Personal Email Detected

Please use an institutional or corporate email address for inquiries. Personal email accounts ( such as Gmail, Yahoo, and Outlook) are not accepted. *

Name*

Email*

Phone

Country

Source

Quantity&Size*

Product Name

Message

TMED4 Antibody