tomm-22 Antibody

Structure and Function of TOMM22

TOMM22 is an integral mitochondrial outer membrane protein with three functional domains:

• N-terminal cytosolic domain: Binds mitochondrial preproteins in cooperation with TOM20 .

• Transmembrane domain: Anchors the protein and maintains TOM complex integrity .

• C-terminal intermembrane space domain: Facilitates precursor protein translocation .

TOMM22 serves as a central receptor in the TOM complex, enabling the import of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins . Dysregulation of TOMM22 is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, cardiomyopathies, and neurodegenerative diseases .

Role in Apoptosis

• TOMM22 interacts with pro-apoptotic protein Bax, facilitating its mitochondrial localization during apoptosis .

• Antibodies against TOMM22 (e.g., ab57523) block Bax-dependent apoptosis in vitro .

Amyloid-β (Aβ) Accumulation

• TOMM22 mediates mitochondrial surface binding of Aβ peptides, contributing to Alzheimer’s disease pathology .

• Conformational antibodies (e.g., Fab fragments) targeting TOMM22 reduce Aβ accumulation in yeast models .

Phosphorylation and Mitophagy

• Phosphorylation sites: S15 and T43 in mice are phosphorylated by CSNK2/CK2, regulating mitophagy .

• Functional impact: Phosphomimetic TOMM22 mutants restore mitochondrial respiration in Csnk2b-deficient cells .

Western Blot Performance

Immunohistochemistry

• Tissue staining: Strong reactivity in human duodenum, fallopian tube, and testis .

• Optimal dilution: 1:50–1:500 (varies by antibody) .

Disease Relevance

• Neurodegeneration: Impaired TOMM22 function correlates with mitochondrial Aβ accumulation .

• Muscle disorders: Csnk2b knockout mice show muscle weakness and abnormal mitophagy due to TOMM22 dysregulation .

• Cardiomyopathy: TOMM22 deficiency disrupts mitochondrial calcium import, leading to cardiomyocyte dysfunction .

Comparison of Antibody Performance