Customize tpi-1 Antibody

Description

Overview of TPI1 Antibody

TPI1 antibody is a research tool designed to detect and study triosephosphate isomerase 1 (TPI1), a key glycolytic enzyme catalyzing the interconversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). This enzyme is implicated in cancer progression, metabolic regulation, and cellular stress responses . Antibodies targeting TPI1 enable researchers to investigate its expression, localization, and functional roles in diseases such as breast cancer , lung adenocarcinoma , and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma .

Key Functional Studies

Cancer Biology:
- TPI1 overexpression correlates with poor prognosis in breast cancer (BRCA) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Antibodies confirmed elevated TPI1 levels in tumor tissues via Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) .
- Nuclear translocation of TPI1 under chemotherapy-induced stress promotes chemoresistance in LUAD, demonstrated using immunofluorescence (IF) .
Metabolic Regulation:
- TPI1 stabilizes CDCA5 to activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, enhancing glycolysis and metastasis in BRCA .
- Phosphorylation at Ser21 (human) or oxidative stress (mouse) disrupts TPI1 dimerization, altering glycolytic flux .

Technical Validation Data

Proteintech #10713-1-AP:
- Detects TPI1 in HEK-293, A431, and HepG2 cells (WB) .
- Validated in IHC for cytoplasmic and nuclear localization in breast cancer tissues .
CST #34088:
- Confirmed specificity in human, mouse, and rat models (WB) .

Diagnostic and Prognostic Utility

High TPI1 expression in tumor tissues (e.g., BRCA, LUAD) is linked to advanced clinical stages and shorter disease-free survival .
IHC-based TPI1 quantification serves as a potential biomarker for cancer aggressiveness .

Therapeutic Targeting

Knockdown of TPI1 reduces xenograft tumor growth and metastasis in LUAD models .
Ubiquitin-mediated degradation of TPI1 via P62 interaction offers a novel therapeutic strategy for BRCA .

Research Limitations and Future Directions

Antibody Specificity: Cross-reactivity with TPI1 homologs in non-human species requires careful validation .
Functional Complexity: TPI1’s non-catalytic roles (e.g., nuclear signaling) warrant further mechanistic studies .
Therapeutic Challenges: Targeting TPI1 without disrupting glycolysis in normal tissues remains unresolved .

Product Specs

Buffer

Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), pH 7.4

Form

Liquid

Lead Time

Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)

Synonyms

tpi-1 antibody; Y17G7B.7Triosephosphate isomerase antibody; TIM antibody; EC 5.3.1.1 antibody; Methylglyoxal synthase antibody; EC 4.2.3.3 antibody; Triose-phosphate isomerase antibody

Target Names

tpi-1

Uniprot No.

Q10657

Target Background

Function

Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) is a highly efficient metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the reversible interconversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. However, TPI also contributes to the production of methylglyoxal, a reactive and potentially cytotoxic byproduct that can modify and alter proteins, DNA, and lipids.

Database Links

KEGG: cel:CELE_Y17G7B.7

STRING: 6239.Y17G7B.7.2

UniGene: Cel.6518

Protein Families

Triosephosphate isomerase family

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm.

Q&A

Here’s a structured collection of FAQs tailored for academic researchers investigating TPI-1 antibody applications, synthesized from peer-reviewed studies and technical data:

Advanced Research Questions

How to resolve data contradictions in TPI-1’s role across cancer models?

Approach:
- Conduct multi-omics integration (e.g., RNA-seq + proteomics) to identify context-dependent interactors (e.g., IL-1α/IL-6 signaling in CRC vs. syphilis-related cardiolipin responses) .
- Use syngeneic vs. xenograft models to dissect tumor-microenvironment crosstalk (e.g., CD8+/Treg dynamics in CMT-93 tumors) .

What statistical methods are optimal for analyzing TPI-1 antibody efficacy data?

Recommendations:
- For small-sample preclinical studies: Aspin-Welch t-test (accounts for unequal variances; P<0.05) .
- For biomarker correlations: Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for covariates (e.g., intratumoral IL-1α levels) .

How to integrate TPI-1 antibodies into combination immunotherapy regimens?

Strategy:

Combination	Mechanism	Outcome (Example Study)
FTD/TPI + anti-PD-1	Enhances CD8+ infiltration	23% objective response rate in MSS-CRC
Bevacizumab + XB2001	Suppresses IL-1α-driven angiogenesis	76% disease control rate

Monitor pharmacodynamics via serum granzyme B/CD40L levels .

Methodological Pitfalls & Solutions

How to assess TPI-1 antibody off-target effects in multi-antibody panels?

Solution:
- Apply spectral flow cytometry to resolve overlapping emission spectra (e.g., CD8/PD-L1/TPI-1 co-staining) .
- Validate with single-antibody staining controls and titrate antibody concentrations .

What biomarkers predict TPI-1 antibody therapeutic efficacy?

Identified biomarkers:

Biomarker	Association	Source
Intratumoral IL-1α	High baseline → Improved PFS (HR 0.42)	Phase I trial
CD8+/PD-L1+ density	Correlates with tumor regression (Δ=+32%)	Preclinical/clinical
Serum IL-6	Decrease post-treatment → Response (Δ=-58%, P=0.01)	Translational data

Data Conflict Analysis Framework

Discrepancies in TPI-1’s immune-modulatory effects: How to troubleshoot?

Steps:
- Replicate experiments across independent cohorts (e.g., syphilis vs. CRC models) .
- Perform spatial proteomics (e.g., GeoMx DSP) to map TPI-1 distribution in tumor vs. stromal regions .
- Validate findings using orthogonal methods (e.g., Nanostring nCounter vs. IHC) .

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tpi-1 Antibody