Function
The rfl-1 antibody targets the catalytic subunit of the dimeric rfl-1 (uba-3)-ula-1 E1 enzyme. This enzyme plays a crucial role in NEDD8 activation, a process essential for cellular function. Specifically, E1 activates NEDD8 by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, then linking this residue to the side chain of the catalytic cysteine. This results in the formation of a NEDD8-uba-3 thioester and free AMP. Finally, E1 transfers NEDD8 to the catalytic cysteine of ubc-12. This enzymatic activity is vital for processes such as cytokinesis and mitotic spindle orientation, particularly during early embryogenesis.