Customize ulp-2 Antibody

Description

Transcription and Chromatin Association

Ulp2 associates with actively transcribed genes, as demonstrated by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays:

Gene	Ulp2 Occupancy (ORF Region)	RNAPII Association
PMA1	High	Strong
ADH1	Moderate	Moderate
PYK1	High	Strong
CUP1	Inducible (copper-dependent)	Dynamic

Ulp2 recruitment to CUP1 increases ~15-fold within 5 minutes of copper induction, paralleling RNAPII dynamics .

Genetic Interactions

Ulp2 exhibits synthetic lethality with ctk1Δ (a CTD kinase mutant), indicating functional synergy in CTD phosphorylation .

Role in RNAPII Phosphorylation

Ulp2 promotes serine-2 phosphorylation (S2-P) of the RNAPII CTD, critical for transcription elongation:

Key findings:
- ulp2Δ mutants show reduced S2-P levels at gene 3′ ends (e.g., PMA1, ADH1) .
- Ulp2 facilitates Ctk1 kinase recruitment to both SAGA- and TFIID-dominated genes .

Experimental Applications of Ulp2 Antibodies

Ulp2 antibodies are used in:

ChIP assays to map Ulp2 binding across genomic loci .
Western blotting to detect SUMO protease activity and protein expression levels.
Co-immunoprecipitation to study interactions with RNAPII subunits or chromatin modifiers.

Technical Considerations

Antibody validation: Requires specificity tests (e.g., knockout controls) to confirm target recognition .
Epitope tags: Many studies use epitope-tagged Ulp2 (e.g., FLAG) for precise localization .

Implications for Disease Research

While Ulp2 is yeast-specific, its mammalian homologs (e.g., SENP6/7) are implicated in:

Autoimmune disorders via SUMO-mediated immune regulation .
Cancer progression through chromatin remodeling .

Product Specs

Buffer

Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4

Form

Liquid

Lead Time

Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)

Synonyms

ulp-2 antibody; Y38A8.3 antibody; Ubiquitin-like protease 2 antibody; EC 3.4.22.- antibody

Target Names

ulp-2

Uniprot No.

Q23238

Target Background

Function

ULP-2 is a protease that catalyzes two critical functions in the SMO-1 pathway: processing of full-length SMO-1 into its mature forms and deconjugation of SMO-1 from targeted proteins. ULP-2 may deconjugate SMO-1 from the cadherin protein HMR-1 and plays a role in its recruitment to and maintenance of adherens junctions. This protease is essential for epidermal morphogenesis during embryonic development.

Database Links

STRING: 6239.Y38A8.3

UniGene: Cel.14116

Protein Families

Peptidase C48 family

Subcellular Location

Nucleus. Cytoplasm, cytosol.

Q&A

FAQs for ulp-2 Antibody Research

Advanced Research Questions

How to resolve contradictions between ulp-2 antibody performance in different assays?

Example discrepancy: Strong signal in western blot but weak in IHC.
Analysis steps:
- Confirm assay-specific epitope accessibility (e.g., denaturation in western blot vs. native conformation in IHC).
- Use structural prediction tools to map antibody binding regions against ulp-2 domains.
- Validate with CRISPR-edited cell lines lacking ulp-2 .

Assay	Common Pitfalls	Validation Strategy
Western Blot	Denaturation artifacts	Compare recombinant vs. endogenous protein migration
IHC	Epitope masking	Optimize antigen retrieval buffers (e.g., citrate vs. EDTA)
Flow Cytometry	Conformational sensitivity	Test fixation/permeabilization protocols

What experimental designs mitigate cross-reactivity risks in ulp-2 studies?
- Use in silico homology searches (e.g., BLAST) to identify paralogs with shared epitopes.
- Combine ulp-2 antibodies targeting distinct epitopes in parallel assays.
- Employ mass spectrometry to confirm protein identity in immunoprecipitation experiments .
How to optimize ulp-2 antibody use in multiplex assays (e.g., Co-IP or proximity ligation)?
- Validate pairwise antibody compatibility using pre-cleared lysates.
- Adjust buffer conditions (e.g., salt concentration, detergent type) to stabilize ulp-2 interactions.
- Include single-antibody controls to identify off-target associations .

Methodological Considerations

What statistical approaches strengthen ulp-2 antibody-based quantification?
- Normalize signals to housekeeping proteins validated in your model system.
- Apply linear regression for dose-response curves in ELISA.
- Use Bayesian hierarchical models to account for inter-experiment variability .
How to interpret ulp-2 antibody results in the context of post-translational modifications (PTMs)?
- Perform phosphatase/kinase treatments to assess PTM-dependent epitope recognition.
- Combine immunoblotting with PTM-specific proteomics (e.g., phosphorylation profiling) .

Cross-Disciplinary Applications

Can ulp-2 antibodies be repurposed for structural biology studies (e.g., Cryo-EM)?
- Screen antibodies for affinity to native vs. denatured ulp-2 conformations.
- Collaborate with structural biologists to map epitopes onto existing ulp-2 models .
What are the limitations of ulp-2 antibodies in single-cell sequencing workflows?
- Evaluate antibody penetration efficiency in fixed/permeabilized nuclei.
- Validate with spike-in controls (e.g., cells overexpressing ulp-2-GFP fusions) .

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ulp-2 Antibody