VPS15 Antibody

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Product Specs

Buffer
**Preservative:** 0.03% Proclin 300
**Constituents:** 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)
Synonyms
VPS15 antibody; At4g29380 antibody; F17A13.200 antibody; Serine/threonine-protein kinase VPS15 antibody; EC 2.7.11.1 antibody; Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 15 antibody; AtVPS15 antibody
Target Names
VPS15
Uniprot No.

Target Background

Function
VPS15 is a serine/threonine-protein kinase essential for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. It functions as part of the autophagy-specific VPS34 PI3-kinase complex I. VPS15 plays a crucial role in pollen development and germination, likely through the regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) formation and vacuolar organization.
Gene References Into Functions
  1. Research has demonstrated that AtVPS15 interacts directly with AtVPS34, indicating its importance in pollen germination potentially through the modulation of PI3-kinase activity. PMID: 22361507
  2. Evidence suggests that AtVPS15 (At4g29380; NP_194667.1) contributes to pollen development and germination by regulating PI3P biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. PMID: 21833541
Database Links

KEGG: ath:AT4G29380

STRING: 3702.AT4G29380.1

UniGene: At.27874

Protein Families
Protein kinase superfamily, Ser/Thr protein kinase family
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm. Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane; Lipid-anchor. Endosome membrane; Lipid-anchor.
Tissue Specificity
Mainly expressed in anthers, pollen grains and pollen tubes, and, to a lower extent, in other tissues and organs including seedlings, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, pitils and siliques.

Q&A

Here’s a structured collection of FAQs tailored for researchers working with VPS15 antibody in academic settings, incorporating methodological insights and data from peer-reviewed studies:

Advanced Research Questions

How to resolve contradictory data on VPS15’s role in mTORC1 regulation?

ApproachMethodologyKey Consideration
Amino-acid sensing assaysMeasure mTORC1 activity (e.g., p-S6K1) in VPS15 KO cells under amino-acid deprivation Use PI3K inhibitors (wortmannin) to isolate VPS34-dependent effects
Structural analysisPerform cryo-EM to study VPS15-VPS34 interaction surfaces Mutate VPS15’s kinase domain (e.g., R107Q) to assess functional impact

What methods confirm VPS15’s interaction with PI3K-III complex members?

  • Co-IP protocols:

    • Lyse cells in 25 mM HEPES buffer with 0.5% NP-40 .

    • Immunoprecipitate with anti-VPS15 antibody and probe for Beclin 1, UVRAG, or Atg14 .

    • Include PI3K activity assays using PI3P production as readout .

How to address unexpected ubiquitination signals in VPS15 blots?

  • Treat cells with proteasome inhibitors (MG132) or lysosomal inhibitors (chloroquine) during CHX chase experiments .

  • Perform Nedd4 knockdown to reduce K11-linked polyubiquitination of VPS15 .

Methodological Best Practices

Critical controls for VPS15 antibody-based assays

AssayEssential Controls
Western blotKO validation, peptide competition, lysate spiking with recombinant VPS15
IF/ICCIsotype-matched IgG, secondary-only staining, siRNA-mediated knockdown
Functional studiesRescue experiments with wild-type/mutant VPS15 constructs

Quantitative analysis of VPS15-associated vesicles

  • Use automated image analysis (e.g., CellProfiler) to quantify LC3/VPS15 vesicle colocalization .

  • For PI3P quantification: Employ 2xFYVE-GFP reporters and measure fluorescence intensity after wortmannin treatment .

Data Interpretation Challenges

Discrepancies in autophagosome-lysosome fusion assays

  • If Lamp2/VPS15 colocalization is inconsistent:

    • Check lysosomal pH (use LysoTracker Red).

    • Perform time-course experiments to capture dynamic fusion events .

Validating antibody performance across species

SpeciesValidation Strategy
HumanHeLa/HepG2 lysates (positive controls)
MouseSkeletal muscle tissue (high endogenous VPS15)
RatPrimary hepatocytes (nutrient-responsive autophagy)

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