HSA Fatty Acid free
Description
Definition and Purification
HSA Fatty Acid Free is derived from human plasma through defatting processes that remove bound FAs. This ensures strict control over FA content, as even trace amounts can influence cellular metabolism, membrane stability, and protein-ligand interactions. Key characteristics include:
The defatting process preserves HSA’s structural integrity while eliminating hydrophobic regions bound to FAs, which are critical for its function as a carrier protein .
Applications in Research and Industry
HSA Fatty Acid Free is used in diverse contexts due to its ability to bind exogenously added FAs or other ligands without competition from endogenous FAs.
Cell Culture
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Media Supplement: Enhances cell membrane stability and binds toxic metabolites (e.g., bilirubin, hormones) .
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FA Control: Allows precise addition of specific FAs to study lipid metabolism, signaling, or cytotoxicity . For example, saturated FAs (e.g., palmitate) induce cell death in pancreatic β-cells at higher concentrations than unsaturated FAs (e.g., oleate) .
Immunological Assays
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Blocking Agent: Prevents non-specific binding in Western blots or ELISA by coating assay surfaces .
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Cryopreservation: Acts as a cryoprotectant to protect cells during freezing .
Drug Delivery
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Carrier Protein: Facilitates targeted delivery of hydrophobic drugs or polyoxometalates (e.g., Anderson-type complexes) by exploiting HSA’s FA-binding sites .
FA Binding Dynamics
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Affinity Variation:
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Conformational Changes: FA binding induces transitions between N-form (defatted) and B-form (FA-bound) conformations, altering ligand accessibility .
FA-Induced Cytotoxicity
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Saturated vs. Unsaturated FAs: Palmitate and stearate (saturated) caused significant cell death in HIT-T15 pancreatic cells at 0.1 mM, while oleate and linoleate (unsaturated) were cytoprotective .
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Apoptosis vs. Necrosis: Caspase inhibitors (e.g., ZVAD-FMK) reduced apoptosis but not necrosis, suggesting FA-induced cell death involves multiple pathways .
HSA Mutants and Polymorphism
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Mutations in key FA-binding residues (e.g., Arg-410, Tyr-411) altered FA-induced cell viability, indicating genetic variability may influence disease susceptibility .
FA Competition in Blood Serum
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
Recombinant Human Serum Albumin (rHSA) is a genetically engineered form of HSA. It is produced using recombinant DNA technology, which involves inserting the human albumin gene into a host organism, such as yeast, bacteria, or plant cells, to produce albumin. This method ensures a high level of purity and consistency, free from potential contaminants and impurities that can be present in plasma-derived HSA .
Fatty Acid Free Human Serum Albumin is a specialized form of HSA that has been processed to remove fatty acids. This is particularly important for certain applications where the presence of fatty acids can interfere with experimental results or therapeutic outcomes. Fatty acid-free HSA is often used in cell culture studies, drug formulation, and other biochemical applications where control over specific fatty acid content is crucial .
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Carrier Protein: HSA functions as a carrier protein for various endogenous and exogenous substances, including fatty acids, hormones, and drugs. It plays a significant role in the pharmacokinetics of many drugs by binding to them and affecting their distribution, metabolism, and excretion .
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Cell Culture: In cell culture studies, fatty acid-free HSA is used to control the specific fatty acid content, which is essential for the growth and maintenance of certain cell lines. This ensures that the cells are exposed to a consistent and controlled environment, leading to more reliable experimental results .
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Therapeutic Uses: rHSA is used in various therapeutic applications, including as a blood volume expander in patients with hypovolemia, as a stabilizer in vaccines and other biologics, and in the treatment of burns and shock .
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Research and Diagnostics: Fatty acid-free HSA is widely used in research and diagnostic applications, such as immunoassays and immunodetection procedures, where it serves as a blocking agent or a carrier protein for the dilution of antibodies .
- Purity and Safety: Recombinant HSA is free from the potential contaminants and impurities that can be present in plasma-derived HSA, such as viruses and prions. This makes it a safer alternative for therapeutic and research applications .
- Consistency: The recombinant production process ensures a high level of consistency and reproducibility, which is essential for reliable experimental results and therapeutic outcomes .
- Ethical Considerations: The use of recombinant technology reduces the reliance on human plasma donations, addressing ethical concerns related to the sourcing of biological materials .
