IL 27 Human
Description
Molecular Structure and Production
IL-27 is a 50 kDa glycoprotein formed by non-covalent bonding of EBI3 (34 kDa) and p28 (28 kDa) . The EBI3 subunit shares structural homology with IL-12p40, while p28 resembles IL-12p35 . Key features include:
IL-27 is predominantly produced early during immune activation by APCs, with macrophages in secondary lymphoid organs identified as major contributors .
Signaling Pathways
IL-27 binding to its receptor activates JAK-STAT and p38 MAPK pathways, with STAT1 and STAT3 being primary mediators :
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STAT1 Activation: Drives pro-inflammatory responses, inducing genes like SOCS1, IRF1, and CXCL10 in human monocytes .
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STAT3 Activation: Modulates anti-inflammatory effects, including IL-10 upregulation in T cells .
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Cross-Regulation: TLR ligands (e.g., LPS) inhibit IL-27 signaling via p38-mediated suppression, limiting its pro-inflammatory effects during later immune phases .
Innate Immune Modulation
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Pro-Inflammatory Effects:
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Antiviral Activity: Restricts HIV-1 replication in macrophages by downregulating β2-spectrin and inducing autophagy .
Adaptive Immune Regulation
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T Cell Differentiation:
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Regulatory Functions: Inhibits Treg cell activity and limits dendritic cell antigen presentation under steady-state conditions .
Inflammatory Diseases
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Autoimmunity: IL-27 attenuates pathological Th17 responses in diseases like multiple sclerosis but exacerbates inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis by enhancing myeloid cell activation .
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Infections:
Therapeutic Targets
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Cancer: IL-27 enhances antitumor NK and CD8+ T cell activity but may support immunosuppressive microenvironments via IL-10 .
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Antiviral Strategies: Recombinant IL-27 reduces cytopathic effects of viruses like Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) in hepatoma cells .
Key Research Findings
Product Specs
Recombinant human IL-27 is a glycosylated heterodimer produced in HEK cells. It comprises two polypeptide chains: IL27A (IL27p28) with a molecular weight of 25 kDa and IL27B (EBI3) with a molecular weight of 30 kDa. These chains separate during SDS-PAGE analysis.
The purification of IL-27 protein is achieved through specialized chromatographic methods.
Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
FPRPPGRPQL SLQELRREFT VSLHLARKLL AEVRGQAHRF AESHLPGVNL YLLPLGEQLP DVSLTFQAWR RLSDPERLCF ISTTLQPFHA LLGGLGTQGR WTNMERMQLW AMRLDLRDLQ RHLRFQVLAA GFNLPEEEEE EEEEEEEERK GLLPGALGSA LQGPAQVSWP QLLSTYRLLH SLELVLSRAV RELLLLSKAG HSVWPLGFPT LSPQP.
IL-27B (209aa):
RKGPPAALTL PRVQCRASRY PIAVDCSWTL PPAPNSTSPV SFIATYRLGM AARGHSWPCL QQTPTSTSCT ITDVQLFSMA PYVLNVTAVH PWGSSSSFVP FITEHIIKPD PPEGVRLSPL AERQLQVQWE PPGSWPFPEI FSLKYWIRYK RQGAARFHRV GPIEATSFIL RAVRPRARYY VQVAAQDLTD YGELSDWSLP ATATMSLGK.
Product Science Overview
IL-27 plays a crucial role in the regulation of the immune response. It has both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a versatile cytokine in immune modulation. Some of its key functions include:
- Promotion of T-cell differentiation: IL-27 induces the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th1 cells, which are essential for the immune response against intracellular pathogens .
- Inhibition of Th17 cell differentiation: IL-27 suppresses the differentiation of Th17 cells, which are involved in autoimmune diseases .
- Antiviral activity: IL-27 has been shown to induce a robust antiviral response, similar to interferons, by activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway .
Recombinant human IL-27 is a synthetic form of the cytokine produced using recombinant DNA technology. It is optimized for use in various research applications, including cell culture, differentiation studies, and functional assays . The recombinant protein is typically produced in HEK293 cells and is available in research-grade quality, with high purity and low endotoxin levels .
Recombinant IL-27 is widely used in scientific research due to its diverse biological activities. Some of the key research areas include:
- Autoimmune diseases: Studying the role of IL-27 in the pathogenesis and potential treatment of autoimmune conditions .
- Cancer research: Investigating the ability of IL-27 to induce tumor-specific protective immunity and its potential as an immunotherapeutic agent .
- Viral infections: Exploring the antiviral properties of IL-27 and its potential use in combating viral infections .
