MPI Human
Description
MPI-0479605: A Monopolar Spindle 1 (Mps1) Inhibitor
MPI-0479605 (MedChemExpress Compound ID: HY-19743) is the closest match to a compound with "MPI" nomenclature in human biomedical research.
Key Properties
| Property | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Target | Mps1 kinase (TTK) | |
| IC50 (enzyme assay) | 1.8 nM | |
| Selectivity | >500-fold vs. 40 other kinases | |
| Mechanism | ATP-competitive inhibition | |
| Therapeutic focus | Cancer (mitotic disruption) |
Research Findings:
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Induces chromosomal missegregation and apoptosis in tumor cells .
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Synergizes with paclitaxel in triple-negative breast cancer models .
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Phase I trials demonstrated dose-dependent neutropenia as a dose-limiting toxicity .
MPI in Human Developmental Biology
The Max Planck Institute (MPI) for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics investigates human-specific genomic factors:
ARHGAP11B Gene
TKTL1 Protein Variant
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Role: Modern humans exhibit 1.9× greater neurogenesis than Neanderthals due to a lysine-to-arginine substitution .
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Experimental validation:
Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)
Though unrelated to biochemistry, MPI is a critical human development metric:
2023 Global MPI Framework
| Dimension | Indicators (Weight) | Deprivation Cutoffs |
|---|---|---|
| Health | Nutrition (1/6), Mortality (1/6) | BMI <18.5, Child death in household |
| Education | Schooling (1/6), Attendance (1/6) | No ≥6y education, <10y schooling |
| Living Standards | Electricity, Water, etc. (1/18 each) | Lack of ≥4 amenities |
2024 Data Highlights:
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1.1 billion people in 110 countries experience acute multidimensional poverty .
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Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 63% of MPI-poor populations .
MPI Recombinase in Human Microbiome Studies
While not human-derived, Bacteroides fragilis Mpi recombinase impacts human commensal bacteria:
Functional Characteristics
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Inverts 13 promoter regions to modulate capsular polysaccharide expression .
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Δmpi mutants show locked polysaccharide expression states (Table 3 in ).
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Evolutionary conservation suggests host adaptation over 50M years .
Synthesis of Findings
The term "MPI Human" likely arises from contextual ambiguities:
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Compound misidentification: MPI-0479605’s shorthand notation.
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Institutional acronyms: Max Planck Institute (MPI) human evolution studies.
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Metric misapplication: Multidimensional Poverty Index usage in socioeconomic contexts.
Product Specs
Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase, PMI1, CDG1B, Phosphohexomutase, Phosphomannose isomerase, EC 5.3.1.8, FLJ39201.
Q&A
What is the Max Planck Institute for Human Development?
The Max Planck Institute for Human Development is a research institution dedicated to the interdisciplinary study of human development, education, and human-machine interaction. Located in Berlin, Germany, the institute brings together researchers from various disciplines including psychology, education, sociology, medicine, environmental neuroscience, economics, computer science, and mathematics to work on collaborative projects . The institute's interdisciplinary approach enables comprehensive investigation of complex human development processes through multiple methodological lenses, which has proven particularly valuable for understanding developmental trajectories across the lifespan.
What educational and training opportunities exist at Max Planck Institutes related to human studies?
Several structured doctoral programs are available through the International Max Planck Research Schools (IMPRS). The IMPRS on Computational Methods in Psychiatry and Ageing Research and the IMPRS on the Life Course are directly affiliated with the MPI for Human Development . Additionally, the IMPRS for the Science of Human History (IMPRS-SHH) was founded in 2018 as a joint PhD program between the Max Planck Institute for Human History and Friedrich Schiller University . These programs offer structured curricula based on three pillars: the Mentoring Programme, the Scientific Programme, and the Transferable Skills Programme . Doctoral candidates benefit from certification through the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS), ensuring international recognition of their coursework .
How can researchers access data sets from the MPI for Human Development?
The MPI for Human Development provides various datasets for reuse under specific access conditions that vary by dataset . Key available datasets include:
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Berlin Age Study (BASE): A multidisciplinary study of elderly people aged 70 to over 100 years from west Berlin, conducted from 1990-1993 with 516 individuals examined across 14 sessions, focusing on mental and physical health, intellectual performance, psychological well-being, and socioeconomic factors .
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Berlin Age Study II (BASE-II): A follow-up longitudinal study examining physical, mental, and social conditions contributing to successful aging. It includes 2,200 Berlin residents (1,600 aged 60-80 years and 600 aged 20-35 years as a comparison group) .
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COGITO Study: Examined 101 individuals aged 20-31 and 103 individuals aged 65-80 across 100 different days, testing perception speed and other cognitive functions .
Researchers interested in accessing these datasets must meet specific requirements detailed on the institute's website and typically need to submit formal research proposals outlining their intended use of the data.
What methodologies are employed in interdisciplinary human development research at MPI?
The MPI for Human Development employs a diverse methodological toolkit reflecting its interdisciplinary approach. Key methodological approaches include:
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Longitudinal studies: Exemplified by the Berlin Aging Study (BASE) and its follow-up BASE-II, which track participants over extended periods to examine developmental changes .
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Intensive measurement protocols: The COGITO study demonstrates this approach, with participants completing tasks over 100 different days to capture fine-grained cognitive performance data .
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Multimodal assessment: Researchers combine psychological, biological, social, and environmental measures to develop comprehensive models of human development.
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Advanced neuroimaging: Recent innovations include magnetic particle imaging (MPI) for functional neuroimaging, with temporal resolution of 5 seconds per image and spatial resolution of 5-7mm, allowing detection of hemodynamic changes following brain activation .
These methodological approaches enable researchers to capture the complex, multi-faceted nature of human development across different time scales and levels of analysis.
How is human decision-making under pressure and information overload studied at MPI?
Research at MPI examines how individuals make effective decisions under conditions of time pressure and information overload . Recent methodological approaches include:
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Comparative judgment experiments: Studies have demonstrated that people often find comparative judgments easier than absolute ones in various contexts, suggesting efficiency advantages for certain decision architectures .
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Decision aid interventions: Experimental designs comparing different approaches to improving decision consistency, including:
Research findings indicate that both providing machine advice and asking individuals to review their past decisions as pairwise comparisons significantly improves:
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Propensity to update initial decisions
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Decision accuracy after review
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Consistency among different decision-makers' post-review decisions
These methodologies help identify strategies to reduce noise in human judgments while maintaining human autonomy in the decision-making process.
What research advances have been made in human neuroimaging technologies through MPI research?
Significant advances have been made in magnetic particle imaging (MPI) technology for human neuroimaging:
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Human-scale neuroimaging systems: A recent breakthrough involves scaling MPI technology from rodent to human scale for functional neuroimaging, achieving sufficient sensitivity to detect hemodynamic changes following brain activation .
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Technical specifications: The human brain-scale MPI system features:
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Performance metrics:
| Parameter | Performance |
|---|---|
| Sensitivity | ~1 μgFe |
| Imaging FOV | 181 mm diameter (132 pixels) |
| Temporal resolution | 5 s/image |
| Spatial resolution | 5-7 mm (50% contrast between adjacent lines) |
This proof-of-concept system demonstrates potential for an order of magnitude increase in sensitivity compared to other human hemodynamic imaging methods, establishing a pathway for advanced functional neuroimaging applications .
How do researchers address inconsistency in human decision-making?
Research at MPI has identified several approaches to reducing inconsistency in human judgments:
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Algorithmic decision aids: Studies have demonstrated that machine advice can significantly improve decision consistency . This intervention steers human decisions without replacing human judgment entirely.
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Comparative judgment frameworks: Research shows that people often make more consistent decisions when evaluating options comparatively rather than in isolation. Specifically, reviewing decisions as meaningfully selected pairwise comparisons leads to:
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Algorithm-identified inconsistency feedback: Rather than directly suggesting correct answers, algorithms can identify inconsistencies in a person's decisions and present them for self-correction, preserving decision autonomy while improving consistency .
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Procedural standardization: Ensuring decision-makers use similar procedures to gather and integrate information demonstrates improvements in consistency without algorithmic intervention .
Researchers must consider potential psychological barriers when implementing these approaches, as cognitive dissonance and disconfirmation bias may lead people to discount or reject feedback about their inconsistency, especially when they overestimate their own consistency .
How do MPI researchers integrate methods from different disciplines in human studies?
The MPI for Human Development exemplifies interdisciplinary integration through:
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Cross-disciplinary collaboration frameworks: Projects bring together researchers from psychology, education, sociology, medicine, environmental neuroscience, economics, computer science, and mathematics .
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Multi-method data collection: Research designs combine techniques from natural and social sciences, as demonstrated at the IMPRS for the Science of Human History, which integrates genetics, archaeology, linguistics, cultural studies, and behavioral methods .
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Shared laboratory infrastructure: Modern laboratories, field research facilities, and databases enable innovative approaches that would not be possible within disciplinary silos .
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Integrated analytical frameworks: Computational methods play an increasingly important role, as evidenced by the IMPRS on Computational Methods in Psychiatry and Ageing Research .
This integration allows researchers to address complex questions about human development that cross traditional disciplinary boundaries, such as how behavior and brain function changes over the lifespan, how physical environments affect individuals, and what social innovations and challenges arise from digitalization .
Product Science Overview
Mannose Phosphate Isomerase (MPI), also known as phosphomannose isomerase (PMI), is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in carbohydrate metabolism. It catalyzes the reversible interconversion of fructose-6-phosphate and mannose-6-phosphate, which is essential for maintaining the supply of D-mannose derivatives required for glycosylation reactions .
MPI belongs to the family of enzymes that convert aldoses and ketoses. Specifically, it facilitates the conversion between fructose-6-phosphate and mannose-6-phosphate. This reaction is vital as mannose-6-phosphate can be used as a precursor for glycan synthesis or catabolized for energy production .
The MPI gene has been cloned from various organisms, and its structure has been determined through crystallization studies. Mutations in the MPI gene can lead to congenital disorders of glycosylation, specifically type Ib (MPI-CDG or CDG-Ib), which is characterized by defects in glycosylation pathways . These mutations can result in severe clinical manifestations, but the condition can be managed by providing exogenous mannose .
Loss of MPI activity is lethal in certain organisms like Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but can be rescued by exogenous mannose supplementation. In humans, MPI deficiency leads to congenital disorders of glycosylation, which can cause a range of symptoms including developmental delays, liver dysfunction, and coagulation abnormalities .
Human recombinant MPI is used in various research and clinical applications. It is crucial for studying glycosylation disorders and developing therapeutic strategies. Additionally, MPI inhibitors are being explored as potential treatments for infections caused by Candida albicans, particularly in immunocompromised patients .
