Growth Factors CD Antigens Enzymes Viral Antigens Recombinant Proteins Natural Proteins Monoclonal Antibodies Cytokines Polyclonal Antibodies Neurotrophins Chemokines Hormones Custom Antibodies Modified Histone Antibodies Tag/Control Antibodies Antibody Pairs Secondary Antibodies Small Molecular Antibodies Recombinant Antibodies ChIP Antibodies

Monoclonal Antibodies

Other Monoclonal Antibodies

Anti Human Lymphocyte

Anti Mouse Cytokine

Anti Human Cytokine

Anti Mouse Lymphocyte

Anti-GST Monoclonal

Anti Viral Monoclonal

Anti Human Heat Shock Protein

Anti Human Enzyme

Product List

PDCL3 Antibody

Phosducin-Like 3, Mouse Anti Human

Shipped with Ice Packs

Cat. No.

BT29279

Appearance

The product is a clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized through filtration.

View Details

PDPN Antibody

Podoplanin, Mouse Anti Human

Shipped with Ice Packs

Cat. No.

BT29345

Appearance

The product is a clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

View Details

PDPN P56F7AT Antibody

Podoplanin clone P56F7AT, Mouse Anti Human

Shipped with Ice Packs

Cat. No.

BT29417

Appearance

Clear, colorless solution, sterile-filtered.

View Details

PDZK1 Antibody

PDZ Domain Containing 1, Mouse Anti Human

Shipped with Ice Packs

Cat. No.

BT29477

Appearance

Clear, colorless solution that is sterile-filtered.

View Details

PEBP1 Antibody

Mouse Anti Human Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein 1

Shipped with Ice Packs

Cat. No.

BT29570

Appearance

A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

View Details

RAC2 Antibody

Ras-Related C3 Botulinum Toxin Substrate 2, Mouse Anti Human

Shipped with Ice Packs

Cat. No.

BT30337

View Details

RALA Antibody

V-ral Simian Leukemia Viral Oncogene Homolog A, Mouse Anti Human

Shipped with Ice Packs

Cat. No.

BT30362

Appearance

A colorless solution that has been sterilized through filtration.

View Details

RANBP3 Antibody

RAN Binding Protein 3, Mouse Anti Human

Shipped with Ice Packs

Cat. No.

BT30388

Appearance

The product is a clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized through filtration.

View Details

RASSF1A Antibody

Ras association domain-containing protein 1, Mouse Anti Human

Shipped with Ice Packs

Cat. No.

BT30421

Appearance

Clear, sterile, and filtered solution.

View Details

SNAI1 Antibody

Snail Family Zinc Finger 1, Mouse Anti Human

Shipped with Ice Packs

Cat. No.

BT30707

Appearance

Sterile, filtered, colorless solution.

View Details

Showing 261 to 270 of 619 results

Introduction

Definition and Classification

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are laboratory-produced molecules engineered to serve as substitute antibodies that can restore, enhance, or mimic the immune system’s attack on cells. They are produced by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell. Monoclonal antibodies can be classified based on their source and structure:

Murine mAbs: Derived from mouse cells.
Chimeric mAbs: Contain both human and mouse components.
Humanized mAbs: Mostly human, with only small mouse-derived components.
Human mAbs: Fully human antibodies.

Biological Properties

Monoclonal antibodies exhibit several key biological properties:

Protein Sequence: Identical protein sequences and antigen-binding sites.
Expression Patterns: Produced by B lymphocytes and expressed in hybridoma cells.
Tissue Distribution: Can be designed to target specific tissues or cells, such as cancer cells.

Biological Functions

Monoclonal antibodies play crucial roles in the immune system:

Pathogen Recognition: Bind to specific antigens on pathogens, marking them for destruction.
Immune Response: Enhance the immune system’s ability to fight infections and diseases.
Therapeutic Functions: Used in treating various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases.

Modes of Action

Monoclonal antibodies interact with other molecules and cells through various mechanisms:

Binding Partners: Bind to specific antigens on target cells.
Downstream Signaling Cascades: Trigger immune responses by activating immune cells and complement systems.
Effector Functions: Engage Fc receptors on immune cells, leading to cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Regulatory Mechanisms

The expression and activity of monoclonal antibodies are tightly regulated:

Transcriptional Regulation: Controlled by specific transcription factors that regulate the expression of antibody genes.
Post-Translational Modifications: Undergo modifications such as glycosylation, which can affect their stability and function.

Applications

Monoclonal antibodies have a wide range of applications in biomedical research and medicine:

Diagnostic Tools: Used in assays to detect specific antigens in samples.
Therapeutic Strategies: Employed in the treatment of cancers, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases.
Biomedical Research: Serve as tools to study cellular processes and disease mechanisms.

Role in the Life Cycle

Monoclonal antibodies play roles throughout the life cycle:

Development: Used in prenatal diagnostics and treatments.
Aging: Help manage age-related diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer’s.
Disease: Provide targeted therapies for various diseases, improving patient outcomes.