Monoclonal Antibodies
Product List
CD44 Monoclonal Antibody
This monoclonal antibody targeting CD44 was generated using a recombinant human CD44 antigen protein. Mouse spleen cells, producing antibodies against CD44, were fused with myeloma cells. This resulted in hybridomas capable of sustained growth and high-yield CD44 monoclonal antibody production. Antibody functionality has been validated using ELISA, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and flow cytometry (FC).
CD44, a transmembrane single-chain glycoprotein, belongs to the family of cell adhesion molecules and is widely expressed on cell surfaces. Initially identified as a granulocyte-T lymphocyte antigen, it was designated CD44 by the Third International Workshop on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens. Encoded by a single gene on chromosome 11p13, CD44 exhibits a molecular weight ranging from 80 to 200 kDa due to extensive N-linked, O-linked glycosylation, and chondroitin sulfate modification. The product is heparinized.
As a crucial adhesion molecule expressed on lymphocytes, monocytes, endothelial cells, and other cell types, CD44's diverse ligands contribute to its multifaceted functions. It acts as a receptor for various cytokines and proteases, playing significant roles in organogenesis, hematopoiesis, inflammation, and autoimmune responses. Given the importance of early diagnosis in cancer treatment, understanding CD44's involvement in tumorigenesis is critical.
CD19 Monoclonal Antibody
The production of the CD19 monoclonal antibody commenced with the immunization of mice and the subsequent isolation of splenocytes. A Recombinant Human CD19 protein (amino acids 20-291) was administered to the mice, and their blood was subsequently screened for the next stage of the process. The splenocytes were then isolated for in vitro hybridoma production. Concurrently, myeloma cells were prepared. Employing hybridoma technology, myeloma cells and the isolated splenocytes were fused together to create hybridomas. These hybridomas were then screened and cloned. Ultimately, the CD19 monoclonal antibody was produced and validated using ELISA, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry.
LAG3 Monoclonal Antibody
The LAG3 monoclonal antibody is produced through a rigorous process. This process involves immunizing mice with recombinant human LAG3 protein (amino acids 29-450), followed by the isolation of B cells from the mouse spleen. These B cells are then fused with myeloma cells to generate hybridomas. The hybridomas producing LAG3 antibodies are selected and cultured. The LAG3 monoclonal antibody is purified using protein G affinity chromatography from the mouse ascites, achieving a purity exceeding 95%. Its specificity has been validated through various applications, including ELISA, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry.
LAG3 protein primarily regulates immune responses by inhibiting T-cell activation and promoting T-cell exhaustion. This regulation is achieved by binding to MHC class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells, leading to the suppression of T-cell activation and the promotion of immune tolerance. Notably, LAG3 protein has emerged as a promising immunotherapy target in cancer treatment due to its ability to modulate immune responses.
SEMA4D Monoclonal Antibody
The SEMA4D monoclonal antibody is produced through a rigorous process involving immunizing mice with recombinant human SEMA4D protein (amino acids 22-734). Subsequently, B cells from the immunized mouse spleen are fused with myeloma cells, followed by selection and culturing of the SEMA4D antibody-secreting hybridomas. The resulting SEMA4D monoclonal antibody is purified from mouse ascites using protein G affinity chromatography, achieving a purity exceeding 95%. This mouse monoclonal antibody exhibits high specificity for human SEMA4D protein and is suitable for various applications, including ELISA, Western blotting, and flow cytometry.
SEMA4D protein, also known as CD100, plays a crucial role in regulating cellular processes, including cell migration, axonal guidance, angiogenesis, and immune cell function. It influences T-cell activation and regulates dendritic cell migration. Notably, SEMA4D interacts with its receptor, Plexin-B1, mediating the repulsion of axonal growth cones during neural development. Furthermore, SEMA4D has been implicated in cancer development and progression, exhibiting overexpression in various cancer cells and promoting tumor growth and metastasis.
Enterobacteria phage M13 III Monoclonal Antibody
This Enterobacteria phage M13 III monoclonal antibody was generated through a rigorous process. Mice were immunized with the recombinant Enterobacteria phage M13 attachment protein (amino acids 19-424). Subsequently, B cells were isolated from the immunized mice and fused with myeloma cells, resulting in hybridomas. These hybridomas produce the Enterobacteria phage M13 III antibody. Hybridomas exhibiting the desired antibody production were selected and cultured in the mouse abdominal cavity. The Enterobacteria phage M13 III monoclonal antibody was then extracted from the mouse ascites. This monoclonal antibody exhibits specific binding to Enterobacteria phage M13 species, making it suitable for applications such as ELISA and Western blotting. The Enterobacteria phage M13 III monoclonal antibody undergoes purification through protein G affinity chromatography, achieving a purity exceeding 95%.
The Enterobacteria phage M13 attachment protein, also known as pIII protein, plays a crucial role in the phage's infection process. It facilitates the attachment of the phage to the bacterial host cell, specifically interacting with bacterial receptors on the cell surface. This interaction enables the phage to attach and subsequently inject its genetic material into the host cell.
Introduction
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are laboratory-produced molecules engineered to serve as substitute antibodies that can restore, enhance, or mimic the immune system’s attack on cells . They are produced by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell . Monoclonal antibodies can be classified based on their source and structure:
Monoclonal antibodies exhibit several key biological properties:
Monoclonal antibodies play crucial roles in the immune system:
- Pathogen Recognition: Bind to specific antigens on pathogens, marking them for destruction .
- Immune Response: Enhance the immune system’s ability to fight infections and diseases .
- Therapeutic Functions: Used in treating various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases .
Monoclonal antibodies interact with other molecules and cells through various mechanisms:
The expression and activity of monoclonal antibodies are tightly regulated:
Monoclonal antibodies have a wide range of applications in biomedical research and medicine:
