Prolactin Rabbit
Description
Key Properties of Recombinant Prolactin Rabbit :
| Property | Detail |
|---|---|
| Expression Host | Escherichia coli |
| Amino Acid Sequence | N-terminal: Ala-Leu-Pro-Ile-Cys |
| Biological Activity | ED<sub>50</sub> = [Dose-dependent stimulation of Nb2-11 rat lymphoma] |
| Stability | Stable at -18°C (lyophilized); 4°C for short-term storage |
Lactation and Mammary Gland Development
Prolactin Rabbit binds to specific receptors in mammary glands, driving alveolar growth and milk synthesis . Receptor density in mammary tissue increases by >500% post-parturition, correlating with lactation onset :
| Reproductive Stage | Prolactin Receptor Density (fmol/mg protein) |
|---|---|
| Day 14 of gestation | 25 ± 3 |
| Day 22 of gestation | 54.8 ± 5.8 |
| Day 6 of lactation | 257.4 ± 34.6 |
CB 154 (dopamine agonist) treatment elevates receptor levels, suggesting prolactin autoregulates its receptor expression .
Circadian Secretion Patterns
Neonatal male rabbits exhibit a biphasic prolactin rhythm :
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Primary peak: 1 hour post-lights-off (01:00 h)
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Secondary peak: Early rest phase (13:00 h)
This rhythm correlates inversely with median eminence dopamine (DA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels, suggesting DA/GABA-mediated inhibition .
Prolactin Receptor (PRLR) in Rabbits
The rabbit PRLR is a transmembrane protein with isoforms differing in intracellular domains . Key features include:
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Extracellular domain: Binds prolactin, placental lactogen, and growth hormone .
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Intracellular domain: Activates JAK-STAT signaling pathways .
Receptor activity is pH- and ion-sensitive, with trypsin and phospholipase C reducing binding affinity .
Uteroglobin Synthesis
Prolactin Rabbit synergizes with progesterone to upregulate uteroglobin mRNA and protein in juvenile rabbits :
| Treatment | Uteroglobin Concentration (μg/mg tissue) |
|---|---|
| Progesterone alone | Undetectable |
| Progesterone + Prolactin | 12.5 ± 1.8 |
Pre-Mating Prolactin and Fertility
Elevated pre-mating prolactin levels in does correlate with improved reproductive outcomes :
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Litter size: +38.5% in high-PRL vs. low-PRL groups
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Pregnancy rate: 92% (high-PRL) vs. 68% (low-PRL)
Applications in Research
Recombinant Prolactin Rabbit is utilized in:
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Lactation studies: Mimicking endogenous hormone activity in vitro .
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Receptor interaction assays: Mapping binding domains using truncated PRLR variants .
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Immune regulation: Investigating prolactin’s cytokine-like effects .
Comparative Insights
Unlike neonatal rats, neonatal rabbits exhibit circadian prolactin rhythms, highlighting species-specific regulatory mechanisms . PRLR expression in non-mammary tissues (e.g., adrenal gland, liver) underscores prolactin’s pleiotropic roles .
Product Specs
(a) Size-Exclusion High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (SEC-HPLC) analysis.
(b) Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis.
1. UV spectroscopy at 280 nm, utilizing an absorbance value of 0.87 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (equivalent to 1 mg/ml) solution. This value is derived from calculations performed by the PC GENE computer analysis program for protein sequences (developed by IntelliGenetics).
2. Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis, employing a calibrated solution of Prolactin as a reference standard.
Product Science Overview
The prolactin receptor (PRLR) is a single-pass transmembrane receptor that mediates the actions of prolactin . It is a type 1 cytokine receptor and is best known for promoting lactation in mammals. However, it is also implicated in other functions such as osmoregulation, metabolism, and immune system function .
Recombinant prolactin is widely used in research to study its effects on various biological processes. It is particularly valuable in cancer research, as prolactin signaling via PRLR can activate multiple signal transduction pathways in breast cancer cells, including the Jak/Stat, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK pathways . These pathways lead to both pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic downstream effects, making prolactin a significant factor in tumor growth and progression .
- Cancer Research: Recombinant prolactin is used to investigate its role in promoting the growth of breast cancer and other tumor types. Studies suggest that PRLR activation may promote tumor growth, and defining the precise role of PRLR in cancer remains an area of active investigation .
- Endocrinology: It is used to study the regulation of lactation and other endocrine functions.
- Immunology: Researchers use recombinant prolactin to explore its effects on the immune system.
