SARS Mosaic S(C)
Description
Introduction to SARS Mosaic S(C)
SARS Mosaic S(C) is a recombinant protein derived from the spike (S) glycoprotein of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV). It serves as a critical antigen for detecting SARS-CoV infections via immunoassays such as ELISA and Western blot . This engineered protein focuses on conserved immunodominant regions of the viral spike protein, enabling high specificity and sensitivity in diagnostic applications .
Immunological Applications
SARS Mosaic S(C) is optimized for diagnostic use:
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Detects IgG/IgM antibodies in SARS-infected individuals with minimal cross-reactivity .
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Validated for ELISA and Western blot due to its high antigenicity .
This contrasts with mosaic nanoparticle vaccines (e.g., 6RBD-np or mosaic-8b RBD-mi3), which fuse RBDs from multiple coronaviruses to elicit broad immune responses . While SARS Mosaic S(C) targets diagnostics, mosaic nanoparticles focus on cross-reactive immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants and zoonotic coronaviruses .
Research Findings and Efficacy
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Specificity: Reacts exclusively with sera from SARS-CoV-infected patients, showing no cross-reactivity with unrelated pathogens .
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Stability: Maintains integrity under storage at -20°C and during shipping at ambient temperatures .
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Comparative Performance: Outperforms full-length spike proteins in diagnostic assays by minimizing non-specific antibody binding .
Table 2: Diagnostic Performance of SARS Mosaic S(C)
Comparative Analysis with Mosaic Antigen Strategies
While SARS Mosaic S(C) is diagnostic, other mosaic platforms aim for broad-spectrum immunity:
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6RBD-np: A nanoparticle displaying six RBDs from α- and β-coronaviruses, inducing cross-reactive antibodies and 100% protection in murine models .
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Mosaic-8b RBD-mi3: Elicits neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and bat sarbecoviruses .
These vaccine-focused platforms use scaffold proteins like PCNA or SpyCatcher003-mi3 to arrange RBDs spatially, enhancing immune recognition of conserved epitopes . In contrast, SARS Mosaic S(C) prioritizes linear epitopes for antibody detection .
Implications for Coronavirus Research
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Diagnostics: SARS Mosaic S(C) addresses challenges in serological testing by focusing on stable, non-variable spike regions .
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Evolutionary Insights: Studies of mosaic SARS-CoV genomes (mammalian-avian recombinants) highlight the role of recombination in viral emergence .
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Vaccine Design: Lessons from diagnostic epitopes could inform next-generation vaccines targeting conserved regions across coronaviruses .
Future Directions
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Integration with Vaccine Platforms: Combining diagnostic epitopes (e.g., SARS Mosaic S(C)) with mosaic nanoparticles could enable simultaneous detection and protection.
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Expanded Epitope Mapping: Identifying additional conserved regions across SARS-CoV-2 variants and animal coronaviruses .
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Thermostability Enhancements: Improving shelf life for use in resource-limited settings .
Product Specs
SARS Mosaic protein is Immunoreactive with sera of SARS-infected individuals.
Product Science Overview
The SARS-Associated Coronavirus Spike Mosaic S© Recombinant is a significant advancement in the study of coronaviruses, particularly the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. This recombinant protein is designed to mimic the spike (S) protein of the virus, which plays a crucial role in the virus’s ability to infect host cells.
The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is a large glycoprotein that protrudes from the viral surface and is responsible for binding to the host cell receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The spike protein is composed of two subunits: S1 and S2. The S1 subunit contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which directly interacts with ACE2, while the S2 subunit is involved in the fusion of the viral and host cell membranes .
The Mosaic S© Recombinant is engineered to include multiple epitopes from different variants of the spike protein. This design aims to enhance the immune response by presenting a broader range of viral antigens to the immune system. By incorporating epitopes from various strains, the Mosaic S© Recombinant can potentially provide broader protection against different variants of the virus .
One of the primary applications of the SARS-Associated Coronavirus Spike Mosaic S© Recombinant is in vaccine development. Traditional vaccines often target a single variant of the virus, which can limit their effectiveness as the virus mutates. The Mosaic S© Recombinant, however, offers a more versatile approach by targeting multiple variants simultaneously. This can lead to the development of vaccines that are more effective against a wider range of SARS-CoV-2 variants .
Research on the Mosaic S© Recombinant is ongoing, with several studies focusing on its efficacy and safety. Early results have shown promise, with the recombinant protein eliciting strong immune responses in preclinical trials. Clinical trials are being conducted to further evaluate its potential as a vaccine candidate .
