CD44 Antibody

CD44 is involved in various biological processes, including:

• Lymphocyte Activation: CD44 is upregulated during T cell activation and plays a role in the inflammatory response .
• Cell Adhesion: It mediates the binding of lymphocytes to high endothelial venules, facilitating their migration back into lymphoid tissues .
• Tumor Progression: Interactions between CD44 and HER2 have been linked to increased ovarian carcinoma cell growth .

CD44 is expressed in a wide range of tissues, including:

• Immune Cells: High levels are found on the surface of T cells, B cells, and macrophages .
• Epithelial Cells: It is present in various epithelial tissues, contributing to cell adhesion and migration .
• Cancer Cells: Elevated levels of CD44 are often observed in cancerous tissues, where it is associated with tumor progression and metastasis .

The primary functions of CD44 include:

• Cell Migration: CD44 interacts with the actin cytoskeleton through its association with ezrin, radixin, and moesin (ERM) proteins, facilitating cell movement .
• Signal Transduction: It participates in signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation .
• Matrix Degradation: CD44 contributes to the degradation of the ECM, promoting tissue remodeling and repair .

CD44 mediates its effects through several mechanisms:

• Ligand Binding: It binds to HA and other ECM components, initiating downstream signaling pathways .
• Protein Interactions: CD44 interacts with various intracellular proteins, linking the ECM to the cytoskeleton and influencing cell behavior .
• Phosphorylation: The phosphorylation state of CD44 regulates its interactions with other proteins and its role in cell migration .

The expression and activity of CD44 are regulated by:

• Alternative Splicing: Different splice variants of CD44 are produced in response to various physiological and pathological conditions .
• Post-Translational Modifications: Glycosylation, phosphorylation, and other modifications influence the function and localization of CD44 .
• Transcriptional Regulation: The expression of CD44 is controlled by various transcription factors and signaling pathways .

Mouse anti-human CD44 antibodies are widely used in research to study the expression and function of CD44 in human tissues. These antibodies are developed by immunizing mice with human CD44 protein, and they are used in various applications, including:

• Flow Cytometry: To analyze the expression of CD44 on the surface of cells .
• Immunohistochemistry: To detect CD44 in tissue sections .
• Western Blotting: To identify CD44 protein in cell and tissue lysates .
• Immunoprecipitation: To isolate CD44 protein complexes from cell extracts .