CXCL17 Human
Description
Molecular Structure and Tissue Expression
CXCL17 is encoded by the CXCL17 gene located on human chromosome 19q13.2 . The protein contains six cysteine residues, forming a structure distinct from canonical CXC chemokines like CXCL8 . Mature CXCL17 is a 97-amino-acid peptide (~11 kDa) after cleavage of a 22-residue signal peptide .
Tissue Distribution
CXCL17 is constitutively expressed in mucosal tissues, including:
Biological Functions and Mechanisms
CXCL17 exhibits dual roles in homeostasis and inflammation, with unique anti-inflammatory properties.
Immune Cell Recruitment
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Macrophages: Critical chemoattractant for lung macrophages; CXCL17 deficiency reduces alveolar macrophage populations by ~50% .
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Monocytes/Dendritic Cells: Attracts quiescent monocytes and dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo .
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Neutrophils: Modest chemotactic activity at high concentrations (5 μM) .
Anti-Inflammatory and Protective Effects
Receptor Identification and Signaling
Despite initial attribution to GPR35 (dubbed CXCR8 in some studies), subsequent research disproved this . Current evidence suggests a distinct, unidentified GPCR mediates CXCL17’s effects:
Clinical Implications and Disease Association
CXCL17’s dual roles in health and disease are context-dependent:
Pathogenic Roles
Protective Roles
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
CXCL17 is strategically expressed in mucosal tissues and plays a significant role in the immune response. It is involved in the recruitment of immune cells, such as monocytes and dendritic cells, to sites of inflammation . This chemokine is also known for its broad antimicrobial activity, which includes disrupting bacterial membranes .
Recombinant human CXCL17 is typically produced using Escherichia coli (E. coli) expression systems . The protein is expressed as a fusion protein and then purified through various chromatographic techniques to achieve high purity levels. The recombinant protein is often lyophilized and can be reconstituted in sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for use in various applications .
CXCL17 has been shown to induce the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in endothelial cells, which is crucial for angiogenesis . This chemokine also upregulates the RNA levels of genes involved in angiogenesis, including VEGF-A and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) . Additionally, CXCL17 can induce the migration of CD14+ monocytes and CD11c+ immature dendritic cells from human peripheral blood .
