Chemokines
Product List
CXCL17 Human
VEGF Co-regulated Chemokine 1 Human Recombinant
CXCL17 Human, His
VEGF Co-regulated Chemokine 1, His Tag Human Recombinant
CXCL17 Rat
VEGF Co-regulated Chemokine 1 Rat Recombinant
Introduction
CXCL17, also known as VEGF co-regulated chemokine 1 (VCC-1) and dendritic cell- and monocyte-attracting chemokine-like protein (DMC), is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family . It is the most recently described chemokine and is identified in both humans and mice . The gene for human CXCL17 is located on chromosome 19 .
Key Biological Properties: CXCL17 is principally expressed by mucosal tissues and has chemotactic properties, attracting dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages . It also exhibits antimicrobial properties .
Expression Patterns: CXCL17 is constitutively expressed in the lung and other mucosal tissues . It is highly upregulated during viral infections of the lung .
Tissue Distribution: CXCL17 is abundantly and specifically expressed in mucosal sites, including the respiratory tract .
Primary Biological Functions: CXCL17 plays a crucial role in chemotaxis, facilitating the movement of immune cells such as monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages to sites of infection or inflammation . It also has antimicrobial properties, contributing to the body’s defense against pathogens .
Role in Immune Responses: CXCL17 is involved in the recruitment of immune cells to mucosal tissues, playing a significant role in the body’s immune response to infections . It is also implicated in the pathology of inflammatory disorders and the progression of several cancers .
Pathogen Recognition: CXCL17 exhibits bactericidal activity and exerts anti-viral functions, suggesting its role in pathogen recognition and defense .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: CXCL17 interacts with neuropillin-1, a VEGFR2 co-receptor, and inhibits CXCR4-mediated signaling and ligand binding . It also binds efficaciously to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are implicated in its chemotactic properties .
Binding Partners: CXCL17 is known to interact with neuropillin-1 and potentially other glycosaminoglycan-containing accessory proteins .
Downstream Signaling Cascades: CXCL17 inhibits CXCR4 by a unique mechanism that potentially requires the presence of a glycosaminoglycan-containing accessory protein .
Expression and Activity Control: The expression of CXCL17 is regulated by various factors, including its interaction with neuropillin-1 and glycosaminoglycans .
Transcriptional Regulation: Specific transcription factors and signaling pathways involved in the regulation of CXCL17 expression are still under investigation.
Post-Translational Modifications: Post-translational modifications of CXCL17, such as glycosylation, may play a role in its activity and interactions with other molecules .
Biomedical Research: CXCL17 is a subject of interest in biomedical research due to its role in immune responses and its potential as a therapeutic target .
Diagnostic Tools: CXCL17 has been identified as a specific diagnostic biomarker for severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) and other respiratory infections .
Therapeutic Strategies: The chemotactic and antimicrobial properties of CXCL17 make it a potential candidate for therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing immune responses and combating infections .
Development to Aging and Disease: CXCL17 plays a role in various stages of life, from development to aging. It is involved in homeostatic processes in mucosal tissues and contributes to the body’s defense mechanisms throughout life . Its role in inflammation and cancer progression highlights its importance in disease states .
