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Monoclonal Antibodies

Other Monoclonal Antibodies

Anti Human Lymphocyte

Anti Mouse Cytokine

Anti Human Cytokine

Anti Mouse Lymphocyte

Anti-GST Monoclonal

Anti Viral Monoclonal

Anti Human Heat Shock Protein

Anti Human Enzyme

Product List

BECN1 Monoclonal Antibody

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Cat. No.

BT2030160

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SMARCA4 Monoclonal Antibody

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Cat. No.

BT2030175

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CAMK4 Monoclonal Antibody

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Cat. No.

BT2030183

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CCNH Monoclonal Antibody

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Cat. No.

BT2030186

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CDX2 Monoclonal Antibody

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Cat. No.

BT2030570

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ACTB/POTEKP/ACTG1 Monoclonal Antibody

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Cat. No.

BT2024945

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ACTC1/ACTA1/ACTG2 Monoclonal Antibody

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Cat. No.

BT2024958

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ACTA2/ACTG2 Monoclonal Antibody

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Cat. No.

BT2024984

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AMACR Monoclonal Antibody

This AMACR monoclonal antibody is produced using hybridoma technology. Mice are immunized with a recombinant peptide derived from human AMACR protein. B cells from immunized mice are fused with myeloma cells to generate hybridomas. Hybridomas producing the AMACR antibody are selected and cultured. The antibody is purified from mouse ascites fluid via affinity chromatography using the specific immunogen. This unconjugated IgG1, Kappa isotype antibody is suitable for detecting human AMACR protein in ELISA and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays.

AMACR (alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase) is an enzyme crucial in the beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids and the metabolism of certain drugs and xenobiotics. Its function is to catalyze the racemization of alpha-methyl branched-chain fatty acid coenzyme A (CoA) esters, converting the 2R-isomers to the 2S-isomers. Elevated AMACR expression is observed in various cancers, notably prostate cancer, making it a valuable diagnostic marker.

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Cat. No.

BT2025013

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AR Monoclonal Antibody

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Cat. No.

BT2025050

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Introduction

Definition and Classification

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are laboratory-produced molecules engineered to serve as substitute antibodies that can restore, enhance, or mimic the immune system’s attack on cells. They are produced by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell. Monoclonal antibodies can be classified based on their source and structure:

Murine mAbs: Derived from mouse cells.
Chimeric mAbs: Contain both human and mouse components.
Humanized mAbs: Mostly human, with only small mouse-derived components.
Human mAbs: Fully human antibodies.

Biological Properties

Monoclonal antibodies exhibit several key biological properties:

Protein Sequence: Identical protein sequences and antigen-binding sites.
Expression Patterns: Produced by B lymphocytes and expressed in hybridoma cells.
Tissue Distribution: Can be designed to target specific tissues or cells, such as cancer cells.

Biological Functions

Monoclonal antibodies play crucial roles in the immune system:

Pathogen Recognition: Bind to specific antigens on pathogens, marking them for destruction.
Immune Response: Enhance the immune system’s ability to fight infections and diseases.
Therapeutic Functions: Used in treating various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases.

Modes of Action

Monoclonal antibodies interact with other molecules and cells through various mechanisms:

Binding Partners: Bind to specific antigens on target cells.
Downstream Signaling Cascades: Trigger immune responses by activating immune cells and complement systems.
Effector Functions: Engage Fc receptors on immune cells, leading to cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Regulatory Mechanisms

The expression and activity of monoclonal antibodies are tightly regulated:

Transcriptional Regulation: Controlled by specific transcription factors that regulate the expression of antibody genes.
Post-Translational Modifications: Undergo modifications such as glycosylation, which can affect their stability and function.

Applications

Monoclonal antibodies have a wide range of applications in biomedical research and medicine:

Diagnostic Tools: Used in assays to detect specific antigens in samples.
Therapeutic Strategies: Employed in the treatment of cancers, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases.
Biomedical Research: Serve as tools to study cellular processes and disease mechanisms.

Role in the Life Cycle

Monoclonal antibodies play roles throughout the life cycle:

Development: Used in prenatal diagnostics and treatments.
Aging: Help manage age-related diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer’s.
Disease: Provide targeted therapies for various diseases, improving patient outcomes.