Monoclonal Antibodies
Product List
HBe VLP Antibody
Anti Hepatitis B Virus e-Virus Like Particle Mouse
Influenza-A H1N1 Antibody
Influenza-A Hemagglutinin H1N1, Mouse Antibody
The antibody appears as a sterile-filtered, white powder that has been freeze-dried (lyophilized).
Introduction
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are laboratory-produced molecules engineered to serve as substitute antibodies that can restore, enhance, or mimic the immune system’s attack on cells. They are designed to bind to antigens that are generally more specific than polyclonal antibodies . Anti-viral monoclonal antibodies are a subset of mAbs specifically designed to target and neutralize viruses. These antibodies can be classified based on their source (e.g., murine, chimeric, humanized, or fully human) and their mechanism of action (e.g., neutralizing vs. non-neutralizing) .
Anti-viral monoclonal antibodies exhibit several key biological properties:
- Expression Patterns: These antibodies are typically produced in mammalian cell lines such as CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) cells, which allow for proper folding and post-translational modifications .
- Tissue Distribution: Once administered, mAbs distribute throughout the body, with a significant presence in the bloodstream and tissues where the targeted virus is likely to be found .
The primary biological functions of anti-viral monoclonal antibodies include:
Anti-viral monoclonal antibodies operate through several mechanisms:
- Binding Partners: They bind to viral surface proteins, such as the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, blocking the virus from attaching to host cell receptors .
- Downstream Signaling Cascades: Upon binding to the virus, these antibodies can trigger downstream signaling pathways that lead to the activation of immune cells and the destruction of the virus .
The expression and activity of anti-viral monoclonal antibodies are tightly regulated:
- Transcriptional Regulation: The genes encoding these antibodies are often placed under the control of strong promoters to ensure high levels of expression in production cell lines .
- Post-Translational Modifications: These antibodies undergo various post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation, which are crucial for their stability and function .
Anti-viral monoclonal antibodies have a wide range of applications:
- Biomedical Research: They are used to study viral infections and the immune response to these infections .
- Diagnostic Tools: mAbs are employed in diagnostic assays to detect the presence of viruses in clinical samples .
- Therapeutic Strategies: These antibodies are used as treatments for viral infections, either alone or in combination with other antiviral agents .
Throughout the life cycle, anti-viral monoclonal antibodies play crucial roles:
