AGRP Human

Agouti–Related Protein Human Recombinant

This product consists of the human Agouti-related protein produced through recombinant technology. It features a His tag at its N-terminal for easy purification. The protein is expressed in E. coli and has a calculated molecular weight of 14.4 kDa. It includes 112 amino acids of the human AGRP along with 16 additional amino acids from the His tag and a thrombin cleavage site. The AGRP protein undergoes purification using specialized chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT21271
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a sterile, white powder obtained through freeze-drying.

BPC-157

BPC-157 Pentadecapeptide

BPC-157 Synthetic is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 15 amino acids, with a molecular mass of 1419.55 Dalton and a Molecular formula of C62H98N16O22.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT21343
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

Bremelanotide

Bremelanotide

Bremelanotide Synthetic is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 6 amino acids. It has a molecular mass of 1025.16 Dalton and a molecular formula of C50H68N40O10.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT21418
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

Calcitonin Salmon

Calcitonin Acetate Salmon

Calcitonin Acetate (Salmon) is a laboratory-synthesized version of the calcitonin hormone found in salmon. It consists of 32 amino acids arranged in a specific sequence. Its chemical formula is C145H240N44O48S2, and its molecular weight is 3431.9 Daltons.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT21509
Appearance
White powder, free of visible impurities, that has been sterilized and freeze-dried.

C-Peptide

C-Peptide

C-Peptide Synthetic is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 31 amino acids, having a molecular mass of 3020 Dalton and a Molecular formula of C129H211N35O48S.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT21632
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

CRHBP (22-322), Human

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Binding Protein (22-322 a.a.) Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human CRHBP, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain encompassing amino acids 22-322. A 23 amino acid His-tag is fused to the N-terminus. The protein has a molecular weight of 36.1 kDa and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT21699
Source

Escherichia Coli.

Appearance
Clear, colorless and sterile-filtered solution.

CRHBP Human

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Binding Protein Human Recombinant

Recombinant human CRHBP is a 34.58 kDa protein consisting of 308 amino acids. It includes a 10 amino acid N-terminal His-tag and is purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT21785
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
White lyophilized powder following filtration.

DIHEXA

DIHEXA

DIHEXA Synthetic is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 3 amino acids with a molecular mass of 504.28 Daltons and a molecular formula of C27H44N4O5.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT21854
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

DSIP

Delta Sleep Inducing Peptide

DSIP Synthetic is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain composed of 15 amino acids. It has a molecular mass of 1419.55 Daltons and a molecular formula of C62H98N16O22.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT21914
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

Elamipretide

Elamipretide

Elamipretide Synthetic is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 4 amino acids, with a molecular mass of 640 Daltons and a molecular formula of C32H49N9O5.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT21991
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Definition and Classification

Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system. They travel through the bloodstream to target organs and tissues, where they regulate various physiological processes. Hormones can be classified into three main categories based on their chemical composition:

  • Steroid Hormones: Derived from cholesterol, these include hormones like estradiol and testosterone.
  • Peptide Hormones: Composed of amino acids, examples include insulin and growth hormone.
  • Amino Acid-Derived Hormones: These include hormones like epinephrine and norepinephrine .
Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: Hormones have low molecular weight, act in low concentrations, and are soluble in water, allowing them to be transported via blood . They are not stored beforehand and are secreted in response to specific stimuli.

Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: Hormones are produced by various glands, including the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands, and pancreas. Each gland produces specific hormones that target different tissues and organs .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: Hormones regulate metabolism, growth and development, sexual function, reproduction, sleep-wake cycles, and mood . They also play a crucial role in immune responses and pathogen recognition by modulating the activity of immune cells .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Hormones interact with specific receptors on target cells. These interactions can be categorized into two types:

  • Lipid-Soluble Hormones: These hormones diffuse through the plasma membrane and bind to intracellular receptors, altering gene expression .
  • Water-Soluble Hormones: These hormones bind to cell-surface receptors, initiating intracellular signaling cascades .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Hormone-receptor binding triggers a series of events inside the cell, including protein synthesis, enzyme activation or deactivation, and changes in cell permeability .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Control of Expression and Activity: Hormone levels are regulated by feedback mechanisms. Negative feedback loops maintain hormone concentrations within a narrow range, while positive feedback loops amplify hormone production in response to specific stimuli .

Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: Hormones can influence gene expression by binding to DNA and regulating transcription. Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, can also modulate hormone activity .

Applications

Biomedical Research: Hormones are used to study various physiological processes and disease mechanisms. For example, insulin is crucial in diabetes research .

Diagnostic Tools: Hormone levels are measured to diagnose endocrine disorders, such as hypothyroidism and diabetes .

Therapeutic Strategies: Hormone replacement therapies are used to treat conditions like hypothyroidism, menopause, and growth hormone deficiencies .

Role in the Life Cycle

Development to Aging and Disease: Hormones play a vital role throughout the life cycle. During development, they regulate growth and differentiation. In adulthood, they maintain homeostasis and reproductive functions. As individuals age, hormone levels decline, contributing to age-related changes and diseases .

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