Growth Factors
CD Antigens
Enzymes
Viral Antigens
Recombinant Proteins
Natural Proteins
Monoclonal Antibodies
Cytokines
Polyclonal Antibodies
Neurotrophins
Chemokines
Hormones
Custom Antibodies
Modified Histone Antibodies
Tag/Control Antibodies
Antibody Pairs
Secondary Antibodies
Small Molecular Antibodies
Recombinant Antibodies
ChIP Antibodies
Hormones
Product List
TP 5
Thymopentin
Thymopentin, with the chemical formula C30H49N9O9, represents the peptide sequence Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr-OH. It possesses a molecular weight of 679.8 Daltons.
Shipped with Ice Packs 
Cat. No.
BT17546
Appearance
White, sterile-filtered powder in lyophilized (freeze-dried) form.
Trp
Triptorelin Acetate
Triptorelin, with the chemical formula C64H82N18O13 and peptide sequence Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Trp-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2, is a synthetic analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). The substitution of the sixth amino acid enhances its agonistic effect and extends its half-life in plasma compared to native GnRH.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Vasopressin
Vasopressin
THE BioTek's 8-L-Arginine Vasopressin has a molecular weight of 1084.24 Daltons and is represented by the molecular formula C46H65N15O12S2.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Alarelin
Alarelin
Alarelin acetate is a non-glycosylated peptide composed of nine amino acids. Its chemical formula is C56H78N16O12 x C2H4O2, corresponding to a molecular weight of 1167.3 Daltons. The CAS registry number for Alarelin acetate is 79561-22-1.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Antide
Antide Acetate
Antide acetate (Ac-AA10-NH2) is an LHRH antagonist that suppresses the release of LH and FSH from the pituitary gland. Antide has a molecular weight of 1590.6 Daltons.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Lanreotide
Lanreotide
Lanreotide is a synthetically produced octapeptide, structurally similar to the naturally occurring hormone somatostatin.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Leuprorelin Human
Leuprolide Human
Leuprolide Human Synthetic consists of a single polypeptide chain that lacks glycosylation. It comprises 9 amino acids, resulting in a molecular weight of 1209 Daltons. The chemical formula for Leuprolide Human Synthetic is C59H84N16O12.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT16604
Appearance
The appearance of this product is a white powder that has been sterilized through filtration and lyophilized (freeze-dried).
Liraglutide
Liraglutide
Liraglutide peptide is a single-chain, non-glycosylated polypeptide comprised of 31 amino acids. It possesses a molecular mass of 3751 Daltons and a molecular formula of C172H265N43O51.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Lypressin
Lypressin
Lypressin is a hormone utilized to prevent or manage frequent urination, increased thirst, and water loss associated with diabetes insipidus (water diabetes). It possesses a molecular weight of 1056.2 Daltons and an amino acid sequence of Cys-Tyr-Phe-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Lys-Gly-NH2. Its molecular formula is C46H65N13O12S2, and its CAS number is 50-57-7.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Introduction
Definition and Classification
Peptide hormones are a class of hormones whose molecules are peptides, consisting of short chains of amino acids. They are synthesized in cells from amino acids according to mRNA transcripts, which are synthesized from DNA templates inside the cell nucleus . Peptide hormones can be classified into various types based on their structure and function, including insulin, glucagon, growth hormone, and oxytocin .
Biological Properties
Peptide hormones exhibit several key biological properties:
- Expression Patterns: They are synthesized in various organs such as the pancreas, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland .
- Tissue Distribution: Peptide hormones are distributed throughout the body and can be found in insects, all vertebrates, and many other creatures .
- Key Biological Properties: They have a short half-life, meaning they break apart quickly, allowing organisms to use them to direct processes efficiently .
Biological Functions
Peptide hormones play crucial roles in various biological functions:
- Primary Biological Functions: They regulate metabolism, growth, and reproduction . For example, insulin regulates blood glucose levels, while growth hormone stimulates growth and cell reproduction .
- Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: Peptide hormones are involved in immune responses and pathogen recognition by interacting with immune cells and modulating their activity .
Modes of Action
Peptide hormones interact with other molecules and cells through specific mechanisms:
- Binding Partners: They bind to specific receptors on the surface of target cells .
- Downstream Signaling Cascades: Upon binding to their receptors, peptide hormones trigger intracellular signaling pathways that lead to various cellular responses . For example, the binding of insulin to its receptor activates a signaling cascade that promotes glucose uptake by cells .
Regulatory Mechanisms
The expression and activity of peptide hormones are controlled by various regulatory mechanisms:
- Transcriptional Regulation: The synthesis of peptide hormones involves gene transcription into precursor nuclear RNA, followed by post-transcriptional modifications .
- Post-Translational Modifications: Peptide hormones undergo post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation, which are essential for their proper function . Additionally, the regulation of peptide hormones involves releasing factors and secretagogues, primarily through interactions between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland .
Applications
Peptide hormones have numerous applications in biomedical research, diagnostics, and therapeutics:
- Biomedical Research: They are used to study cellular communication and hormone regulation .
- Diagnostic Tools: Peptide hormones serve as biomarkers for various diseases, aiding in diagnosis .
- Therapeutic Strategies: Peptide hormones are utilized in treatments for conditions such as diabetes (insulin therapy) and growth deficiencies (growth hormone therapy) .
Role in the Life Cycle
Peptide hormones play vital roles throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease:
- Development: They are essential for growth and development, regulating processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation .
- Aging and Disease: Peptide hormones continue to influence physiological processes in adulthood and are involved in the regulation of metabolism, stress responses, and immune function . Dysregulation of peptide hormones can lead to various diseases, including diabetes and growth disorders .
