Product List

CD46 Human

CD46 Human Recombinant

CD46 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 302 amino acids (35-313 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 33.8kDa. CD46 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT29670
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

CD46 Human, Sf9

CD46 Human Recombinant, Sf9

CD46 Human Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 268 amino acids (35-313 aa) and having a molecular mass of 32.5kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 40-57kDa).
CD46 is fused to 6 amino acid His-Tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT29738
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.

Introduction

Definition and Classification

CD46, also known as Membrane Cofactor Protein (MCP), is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of the complement system. It is encoded by the CD46 gene located on chromosome 1q32 . CD46 is classified as a complement regulatory protein and is part of the cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: CD46 is a regulatory protein that protects host cells from complement-mediated damage by serving as a cofactor for the inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b by factor I .

Expression Patterns: CD46 is ubiquitously expressed on all nucleated cells .

Tissue Distribution: It is found in various tissues, including the placenta, prostate epithelium, and other normal tissues .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: CD46 functions primarily as a complement regulatory protein, preventing complement deposition on host tissues . It also plays a role in the fusion of spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization .

Role in Immune Responses: CD46 modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses. It regulates the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) within T helper type 1 (Th1) cells, thus influencing the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses .

Pathogen Recognition: CD46 acts as a receptor for various pathogens, including the Edmonston strain of measles virus, human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), group B adenoviruses, and type IV pili of pathogenic Neisseria .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: CD46 interacts with complement proteins C3b and C4b, serving as a cofactor for their cleavage by factor I . It also interacts with various pathogens, facilitating their entry into host cells .

Binding Partners: CD46 binds to complement components C3b and C4b, as well as to various pathogens .

Downstream Signaling Cascades: CD46-mediated signaling regulates autophagy during pathogen invasion, macrophage activity, and T cell activation .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory Mechanisms: The expression and activity of CD46 are regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications .

Transcriptional Regulation: The CD46 gene is regulated by various transcription factors that control its expression in different tissues .

Post-Translational Modifications: CD46 undergoes various post-translational modifications, including glycosylation, which are essential for its proper function and localization .

Applications

Biomedical Research: CD46 is widely studied in the context of immune regulation and pathogen interactions .

Diagnostic Tools: CD46 expression levels can serve as biomarkers for certain diseases, including atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) and other complement-mediated disorders .

Therapeutic Strategies: Targeting CD46 has potential therapeutic applications in treating cancers, such as metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), by using antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) that selectively kill cancer cells expressing CD46 .

Role in the Life Cycle

Development: CD46 plays a role in the fusion of spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization .

Aging and Disease: CD46 expression and function are implicated in various diseases, including autoimmune diseases and cancers . Its role in regulating immune responses makes it a critical factor in maintaining immune homeostasis throughout life .

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