HBV core (1-186)

Hepatitis B Virus Core (1-186 a.a.) Recombinant

This recombinant HBV core protein, expressed in E. coli, encompasses amino acids 1-186 of the immunodominant region and carries an N-terminal His tag.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT9886

HBV core delta

Hepatitis B Virus Core delta Recombinant

The recombinant Hepatitis B core delta antigen protein expressed in E. coli consists of 144 amino acids (1-144) and corresponds to the immunodominant region of the HBV core protein.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT9970

HBV HBe

Hepatitis B Virus HBe Recombinant

The HBV HBe protein is a recombinant protein expressed in E. coli. The protein sequence contains the immunodominant region of the HBV HBe adw strain fused to a GST tag. The molecular weight of the fusion protein is 43.8 kDa.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT10058

HBV Pre-S

Hepatitis B Virus Pre-S Recombinant

Recombinant Hepatitis B Virus Pre-S, produced in E. coli, is a full-length Pre-S protein from the HBV subtype adw2. It comprises 174 amino acids, with a molecular weight of approximately 25 kDa, including a vector sequence and a C-terminal 6xHis tag.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT10152
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear, sterile solution.

HBcAg (1-149)

Hepatitis B Virus Core (1-149 a.a) Recombinant

The HBcAg subtype adw2, derived from E. coli, is a non-glycosylated polypeptide. This protein represents the truncated version of the HBcAg adw2 (amino acids 1-149) and has a molecular weight of approximately 20kDa. The truncation in the protamine-like domain of HBcAg adw2 1-149 is designed to enhance the differentiation of anti-HBe antibodies in ELISA. The protein is expressed with a His-tag for purification and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT9523
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

HBe VLP

Hepatitis B Virus-e Virus Like Particle Recombinant

Recombinant hepatitis B virus e antigen virus-like particles (HBe VLPs) are produced in E. coli, resulting in a molecular mass of approximately 18 kDa. These VLPs are fused to a His tag, facilitating purification through a proprietary chromatographic technique.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT9602
Source

Escherichia Coli.

Appearance

The product appears as a sterile-filtered, clear solution.

HBeAg

Hepatitis B Virus e-Antigen Recombinant

This recombinant Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is a virus-like particle (VLP) produced in E. coli. It consists of a 149 amino acid sequence derived from the HBV adw2 subtype, with a C-terminal His tag for purification. This non-infectious VLP mimics the structure and antigenic properties of native HBeAg, making it suitable for research and diagnostic applications.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT9678
Source
Escherichia Coli.

HBV core (1-183)

Hepatitis B Virus Core (1-183 a.a.) Recombinant

Recombinant HBV core protein (ayw subtype, amino acids 1-183) expressed in E. coli.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT9775

HBV-X

Hepatitis B Virus x Recombinant

The Hepatitis B Virus Protein X is a 17kDa protein comprised of 154 amino acids. It undergoes purification using specialized chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT10261
Source
Escherichia Coli.

HBV-X, His Tag

Hepatitis B Virus X Recombinant, His Tag

Recombinant HBV-X, produced in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain comprising 165 amino acids (residues 2-154) with a molecular weight of 17.8 kDa. It is fused to a 12 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT10347
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Definition and Classification

Hepatitis B is a viral infection caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which primarily affects the liver. The infection can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term), leading to severe liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma . HBV is classified under the genus Orthohepadnavirus within the family Hepadnaviridae . The virus is further divided into four major serotypes (adr, adw, ayr, ayw) and ten genotypes (A-J), each with distinct geographical distributions .

Biological Properties

HBV is a partially double-stranded DNA virus with a diameter of approximately 42 nm . The virus consists of an outer lipid envelope and an icosahedral nucleocapsid core containing the viral DNA and a DNA polymerase . HBV primarily infects hepatocytes (liver cells), where it replicates and persists. The virus expresses several proteins, including the surface antigen (HBsAg), core antigen (HBcAg), and the X protein (HBx), which play crucial roles in its life cycle and pathogenicity .

Biological Functions

The primary function of HBV is to replicate within hepatocytes and produce new virions. HBV infection triggers immune responses, including the activation of cytotoxic T cells that target infected hepatocytes . The virus also modulates the host’s immune system to evade detection and establish chronic infection . HBx protein, in particular, is involved in regulating viral gene expression and interacting with host cellular pathways .

Modes of Action

HBV enters hepatocytes through the sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) receptor . Once inside the cell, the virus’s relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) is converted into covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), which serves as a template for viral transcription . The viral proteins interact with various host factors to facilitate replication and evade immune responses. For example, HBx protein binds to host proteins such as DDB1 and CUL4 to modulate transcription and degrade cellular restriction factors .

Regulatory Mechanisms

The expression and activity of HBV are tightly regulated at multiple levels. Transcriptional regulation involves the recruitment of host transcription factors and epigenetic modifications of cccDNA . HBx protein plays a pivotal role in this process by recruiting acetyltransferases and inhibiting histone deacetylases . Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination, also influence the stability and function of viral proteins .

Applications

HBV research has led to significant advancements in biomedical science. The development of the hepatitis B vaccine has been a major public health success, drastically reducing the incidence of HBV infection and related liver diseases . Diagnostic tools, such as serological assays for HBsAg and HBV DNA quantification, are essential for detecting and monitoring infection . Therapeutic strategies include antiviral drugs like nucleoside analogs and interferons, which suppress viral replication and improve liver function .

Role in the Life Cycle

HBV plays a critical role throughout its life cycle, from initial infection to chronic disease progression. During acute infection, the virus replicates rapidly, leading to liver inflammation and immune activation . In chronic infection, HBV persists in hepatocytes, causing ongoing liver damage and increasing the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma . The virus’s ability to establish a stable cccDNA reservoir in the nucleus of infected cells is a key factor in its persistence and pathogenicity .

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