EPGN Human, His

Epigen Human Recombinant, His Tag

Recombinant human EPGN, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 111 amino acids (residues 23-110) with a molecular weight of 12.1 kDa.
A 23 amino acid His-tag is fused to the N-terminus of the EPGN protein, which is purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT4763
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

EPGN Human, Sf9

Epigen Human Recombinant, Sf9

Produced in Sf9 insect cells, Epigen is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 97 amino acids (23-110a.a.) with a molecular weight of 10.8 kDa. This protein is expressed with a 6-amino acid His tag at the C-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT4849
Source

Sf9, Insect cells.

Appearance
A clear, sterile-filtered solution.

EPGN Human

Epigen Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human Epigen, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 72 amino acids. It has a molecular weight of 7.9 kDa. The purification process for Epigen involves the use of proprietary chromatographic methods.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT4674
Source

Escherichia Coli.

Appearance

The product appears as a white powder that has been sterilized by filtration and lyophilized (freeze-dried).

Definition and Classification

Epigen, also known as epithelial mitogen, is a protein encoded by the EPGN gene in humans . It belongs to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, which includes ligands for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). These ligands play crucial roles in cell survival, proliferation, and migration .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: Epigen is characterized by its high mitogenic activity but low affinity for its receptor . It is involved in the positive regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity, mitotic nuclear division, and MAP kinase activity .

Expression Patterns: Epigen is expressed in various tissues, including the mucosa of the esophagus, vagina, skin of the leg, appendix, skin of the abdomen, right lung, tonsil, bone marrow cells, ectocervix, and mucosa of the transverse colon .

Tissue Distribution: The protein is predominantly found in epithelial tissues and has been reported in cancer specimens of the breast, bladder, and prostate .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: Epigen plays a significant role in cell survival, proliferation, and migration . It is a member of the EGF family and acts as a ligand for the EGFR, which is essential for various cellular processes .

Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: While the primary functions of Epigen are related to cell proliferation and survival, its role in immune responses and pathogen recognition is not well-documented. However, as a member of the EGF family, it may indirectly influence immune responses through its effects on cell proliferation and survival.

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Epigen interacts with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to initiate signaling cascades that promote cell proliferation and survival . Despite its high mitogenic activity, it has a low affinity for its receptor, leading to sub-maximal receptor activation and inactivation .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Epigen binds to EGFR, triggering downstream signaling pathways such as the MAPK cascade and the positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling . These pathways are crucial for cell proliferation, survival, and migration.

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: The expression of Epigen is regulated by hormones and is up-regulated in certain cancer types . Transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, play essential roles in controlling its activity .

Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: Epigen’s expression is influenced by various transcription factors and signaling molecules. Post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, further modulate its activity and stability .

Applications

Biomedical Research: Epigen is a valuable target in cancer research due to its role in cell proliferation and survival. Understanding its mechanisms can lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies .

Diagnostic Tools: Epigen’s expression patterns in various cancers make it a potential biomarker for diagnostic purposes .

Therapeutic Strategies: Targeting Epigen and its signaling pathways can provide new avenues for cancer treatment, particularly in cancers where its expression is up-regulated .

Role in the Life Cycle

Role Throughout the Life Cycle: Epigen plays a crucial role in epithelial tissue development and maintenance. Its expression and activity are essential for normal cellular processes, and dysregulation can lead to diseases such as cancer .

From Development to Aging and Disease: During development, Epigen contributes to the formation and maintenance of epithelial tissues. In aging and disease, particularly cancer, its dysregulation can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and tumor growth .

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