Product List

Placental Lactogen Bovine

Placental Lactogen Bovine Recombinant

Placental Lactogen Bovine Recombinant, is a single polypeptide chain containing 199 amino acids and an additional Ala at the N-terminus having a molecular mass of 23 kDa.
Placental Lactogen Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT29101
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

Placental Lactogen Caprine

Placental Lactogen Caprine Recombinant

Placental Lactogen Caprine Recombinant, is a single polypeptide chain containing 199 amino acids and an additional Ala at the N-terminus having a molecular mass of 23 kDa.
Placental Lactogen Recombinant Goat is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT29213
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

Placental Lactogen Human

Placental Lactogen Human Recombinant

Placental Lactogen Human Recombinant, is a single polypeptide chain containing 199 amino acids and an additional Ala at the N-terminus having a molecular mass of approximately 22.4 kDa.
Placental Lactogen Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT29256
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

Placental Lactogen Ovine

Placental Lactogen Ovine Recombinant

Placental Lactogen Ovine Recombinant, is a single polypeptide chain containing 199 amino acids and an additional Ala at the N-terminus having a molecular mass of 23 kDa.
Placental Lactogen Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT29314
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

Placental Lactogen Sf9, Human

Placental Lactogen Human Recombinant, Sf9

Placental Lactogen Human produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 197 amino acids (27-217 aa) and having a molecular mass of 23.1kDa.
Placental Lactogen is fused to a 6 amino acid His tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT29384
Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

Introduction

Definition and Classification

Placental lactogen (PL), also known as chorionic somatomammotropin (CS), is a polypeptide hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. It belongs to the somatotropin family, which includes growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) . Human placental lactogen (hPL) is the specific form found in humans .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: hPL shares significant homology with human growth hormone (hGH) and human prolactin (hPRL) . It is a protein hormone with a molecular mass of approximately 22,125 Da, consisting of a single chain of 191 amino acids linked by two disulfide bonds .

Expression Patterns: hPL is synthesized and secreted by the syncytiotrophoblast cells of the placenta . Its levels increase progressively throughout pregnancy, peaking near term .

Tissue Distribution: hPL is primarily found in the placenta and maternal serum during pregnancy .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: hPL plays a crucial role in regulating maternal metabolism to ensure an adequate supply of nutrients to the fetus . It promotes lipolysis, leading to increased free fatty acids for maternal energy use, while sparing glucose for fetal use . hPL also stimulates mammary gland development in preparation for lactation .

Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: While hPL’s primary functions are metabolic and lactogenic, it may also have immunomodulatory effects, although this area requires further research .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: hPL interacts with prolactin receptors and, to a lesser extent, growth hormone receptors . It mimics the actions of prolactin in various tissues, including the mammary glands .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: hPL binds to prolactin receptors with high affinity, activating downstream signaling pathways that promote mammary gland development and metabolic adaptations .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory Mechanisms: The expression of hPL is tightly regulated at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels . Transcriptional regulation involves various nuclear hormone receptors and cytokines that activate the hPL promoter . Post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation, may also play a role in hPL’s stability and activity .

Applications

Biomedical Research: hPL is used as a marker for placental function and fetal well-being in pregnancy . It is also studied for its role in metabolic adaptations during pregnancy and its potential implications in gestational diabetes .

Diagnostic Tools: Measurement of hPL levels in maternal serum can help assess placental function and detect potential complications such as placental insufficiency .

Therapeutic Strategies: While not directly used as a therapeutic agent, understanding hPL’s role in pregnancy can inform strategies to manage gestational diabetes and other metabolic disorders .

Role in the Life Cycle

Role Throughout the Life Cycle: hPL is exclusively produced during pregnancy, with its levels rising in correlation with fetal and placental growth . It plays a vital role in fetal development by ensuring an adequate nutrient supply and preparing the maternal body for lactation . After childbirth, hPL levels rapidly decline .

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