Vaspin Human, His

Vaspin Human Recombinant, His Tag

Recombinant human Vaspin, produced in E. coli bacteria, is a single-chain polypeptide. It is not glycosylated and contains a His tag for purification. With a length of 415 amino acids, it has a molecular weight of 47 kDa. The purification process involves proprietary chromatographic techniques to ensure high purity.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30727
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

PECAM1 Human

Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human PECAM1, produced in Sf9 Baculovirus, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 582 amino acids (28-601a.a.). It has a molecular mass of 65.5 kDa and appears as a band between 70-100 kDa on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. The PECAM1 protein has an 8 amino acid His-tag fused at its C-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30588
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

PECAM1 Mouse

Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 MouseRecombinant

Recombinant Mouse PECAM1, expressed in HEK293 cells, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. It consists of 579 amino acids (residues 18-590) and has a molecular weight of 65.3 kDa. The protein is fused to a C-terminal 6-amino acid His-tag and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30624
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

TAFA2 Human

Family with Sequence Similarity 19 Member A2 Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human TAFA2, expressed in E.Coli, is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 101 amino acids, resulting in a molecular weight of 11.2 kDa. The purification of TAFA2 is achieved using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30667
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized powder.

Vaspin Human

Vaspin Recombinant Human

Recombinant Human Vaspin, produced in E. coli bacteria, is a single-chain polypeptide consisting of 394 amino acids. This non-glycosylated protein has a molecular weight of 45.1 kDa. The purification process of Vaspin involves advanced chromatographic techniques to ensure its high purity.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30698
Source

Escherichia Coli.

Appearance

Sterile Filtered White lyophilized powder.

EMAP II Human

Endothelial-Monocyte Activating Polypeptide II Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human EMAP-II, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 166 amino acids. It has a molecular weight of 18.3 kDa. The purification of EMAP-II is achieved through proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30447
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized powder.

IL6ST Human

Interleukin-6 Signal Transducer Human Recombinant

Human IL6ST, produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells, is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 605 amino acids (amino acids 23-619). It has a molecular weight of 68.9 kDa.
An 8 amino acid His tag is fused to the C-terminus of IL6ST. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30480
Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Appearance
A sterile, filtered solution that is colorless.

NTRK2 Human

Neurotrophic Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 Human Recombinant

Human NTRK2, produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells, is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 407 amino acids (32-430a.a). It has a molecular mass of 45.2kDa. NTRK2 is fused to an 8 amino acid His tag at the C-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30516
Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

NTRK2 Human , HEK

Neurotrophic Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2, HEK Human Recombinant

Recombinant human NTRK2 is a single polypeptide chain with glycosylation. It encompasses amino acids 32 to 430, resulting in a total of 632 amino acids. The molecular mass is 70.3 kDa. This protein is fused to a 233 amino acid hIgG-His-Tag at its C-terminus. Purification is achieved through proprietary chromatographic methods.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30547
Source

HEK293 Cells.

Appearance

A colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

AIMP1 Human

Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase Complex-Interacting Multifunctional Protein 1 Human Recombinant

This product consists of a recombinant human AIMP1 protein that has been engineered to include a 20 amino acid His tag at its N-terminus. It is produced in E. coli and exists as a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 356 amino acids (specifically, amino acids 1-336 of the AIMP1 sequence). The molecular weight of the protein is 39.2 kDa, although it might appear larger on SDS-PAGE. The purification of AIMP1 is achieved using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30334
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
Definition and Classification

Cytokines are small proteins that play crucial roles in cell signaling. They are produced by a broad range of cells, including immune cells like macrophages, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and mast cells, as well as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and various stromal cells. Cytokines can be classified into several categories based on their functions and structures, including interleukins (ILs), interferons (IFNs), tumor necrosis factors (TNFs), chemokines, and growth factors.

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: Cytokines are characterized by their ability to modulate the balance between humoral and cell-based immune responses, and they regulate the maturation, growth, and responsiveness of particular cell populations.

Expression Patterns: Cytokine expression is highly regulated and can be transient or sustained depending on the physiological or pathological context. They are typically produced in response to an immune stimulus.

Tissue Distribution: Cytokines are distributed throughout the body and can act locally or systemically. They are found in various tissues, including blood, lymphoid organs, and sites of inflammation.

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: Cytokines are involved in a wide range of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. They play a pivotal role in immune responses, inflammation, and hematopoiesis.

Role in Immune Responses: Cytokines are essential for the development and functioning of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. They help in the activation and recruitment of immune cells to infection sites and facilitate communication between immune cells.

Pathogen Recognition: Cytokines are involved in the recognition and elimination of pathogens. They enhance the ability of immune cells to detect and respond to microbial infections.

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Cytokines exert their effects by binding to specific receptors on the surface of target cells. This binding triggers intracellular signaling pathways that lead to changes in gene expression and cellular behavior.

Binding Partners: Cytokines interact with a variety of binding partners, including receptors, co-receptors, and other signaling molecules. These interactions are crucial for the specificity and diversity of cytokine actions.

Downstream Signaling Cascades: Upon binding to their receptors, cytokines activate downstream signaling cascades such as the JAK-STAT pathway, MAPK pathway, and NF-κB pathway. These pathways mediate the cellular responses to cytokines.

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory Mechanisms: The expression and activity of cytokines are tightly regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional regulation, mRNA stability, and post-translational modifications.

Transcriptional Regulation: Cytokine gene expression is controlled by various transcription factors that respond to extracellular signals. These factors bind to promoter regions of cytokine genes and modulate their transcription.

Post-Translational Modifications: Cytokines undergo several post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation and phosphorylation, which can affect their stability, activity, and interactions with receptors.

Applications

Biomedical Research: Cytokines are extensively studied in biomedical research for their roles in health and disease. They are used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis.

Diagnostic Tools: Cytokines are used in diagnostic assays to detect and monitor immune responses and inflammatory conditions. They can serve as indicators of disease activity and therapeutic response.

Therapeutic Strategies: Cytokines are used as therapeutic agents in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. They can be administered as recombinant proteins or targeted by specific inhibitors.

Role in the Life Cycle

Development: Cytokines play critical roles in embryonic development and the maturation of the immune system. They are involved in the differentiation and proliferation of various cell types.

Aging: The production and activity of cytokines change with age, contributing to the aging process and age-related diseases. Dysregulation of cytokine signaling is associated with chronic inflammation and immune senescence.

Disease: Cytokines are implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, infections, and cancers. They can act as mediators of disease progression and targets for therapeutic intervention.

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