ADK Human, Active

Adenosine Kinase Human Recombinant, Active

Recombinant ADK, expressed in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain devoid of glycosylation. It encompasses amino acids 22 to 362, resulting in a molecular weight of 40.5 kDa. The protein includes an N-terminal His-tag (21 amino acids) and is purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25048
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

ADK Mouse

Adenosine Kinase Mouse Recombinant

This ADK protein is produced in E. coli and is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. It consists of 384 amino acids (with the first 361 amino acids being the active protein) and has a molecular weight of 42.5kDa. A 23 amino acid His-tag is fused to the N-terminus to facilitate purification, which is carried out using proprietary chromatographic methods.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25125
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear solution, sterile-filtered.

ADK Human

Adenosine Kinase Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human Adenosine Kinase, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 362 amino acids (specifically, residues 22-362). It has a molecular weight of 40.5 kDa. A 21 amino acid His tag is fused to the N-terminus of the protein, which is then purified using standard chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25186
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

AK1 Human

Adenylate Kinase 1 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human AK1, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. This protein, fused with a 20 amino acid His tag at the N-terminus, contains 214 amino acids (1-194 a.a.) and has a molecular weight of 23.7kDa. Purification is achieved through proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25281
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile, colorless solution.

AK4 Human

Adenylate Kinase 4 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human AK4, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 243 amino acids (1-223a.a.) with a molecular weight of 27.4 kDa. This protein is expressed with a 20 amino acid His tag at the N-terminus and purified using standard chromatography techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25740
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

AK5 Human

Adenylate Kinase 5 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human AK5, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. It consists of 586 amino acids (specifically, amino acids 1 to 562) and has a molecular weight of 65.9 kDa. The protein includes a 24 amino acid His-tag attached to its N-terminus. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25820
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

AK1 Mouse

Adenylate Kinase 1 Mouse Recombinant

Recombinant AK1 Mouse, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 233 amino acids (1-210 a.a). With a molecular mass of 25.5kDa, AK1 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25380
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution, sterile-filtered.

AK2 Human

Adenylate Kinase 2 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human AK2, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 259 amino acids. It has a molecular weight of 28.6 kDa. This AK2 protein is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at its N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25468
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

AK2 Mouse

Adenylate Kinase 2 Mouse Recombinant

Recombinant AK2 Mouse protein, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 29kDa. It consists of 263 amino acids, including a 24 amino acid His-tag fused at the N-terminus. The protein sequence spans amino acids 1-239 of the AK2 protein. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25568
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

AK3L1 Human

Adenylate Kinase-3 Like 1 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human AK3L1, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. It consists of 259 amino acids (residues 1-223), with a molecular weight of 29.3 kDa. The N-terminus of AK3L1 is fused with a 35 amino acid His-tag. Purification of AK3L1 is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25658
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
Definition and Classification

Adenylate kinase (AK), also known as ADK or myokinase, is a phosphotransferase enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of adenosine phosphates (ATP, ADP, and AMP). This enzyme plays a crucial role in cellular energy homeostasis by constantly monitoring phosphate nucleotide levels inside the cell . Adenylate kinase is classified under the enzyme commission number EC 2.7.4.3 .

Biological Properties

Adenylate kinase is a small, usually monomeric enzyme found in all living organisms due to its essential role in energetic metabolism . There are nine human AK isoforms, each with distinct tissue distributions and subcellular localizations . For instance, AK1 is the most abundant cytosolic isozyme, while AK2 is primarily found in mitochondria . The expression patterns of these isoforms vary, with some being ubiquitous and others localized to specific tissues .

Biological Functions

The primary function of adenylate kinase is to maintain cellular energy homeostasis by catalyzing the conversion of ATP and AMP to two molecules of ADP . This reaction is vital for energy transfer and regulation within cells. AK also plays a role in immune responses and pathogen recognition by integrating into the network of inflammatory modulators . Dysregulation or mutation of AK can lead to various medical conditions, highlighting its importance in maintaining cellular health .

Modes of Action

Adenylate kinase interacts with other molecules and cells through its phosphotransferase activity. It binds to adenosine phosphates and catalyzes their interconversion, which is crucial for energy transfer and signaling within cells . AK also participates in downstream signaling cascades, such as the AK→AMP→AMPK pathway, which controls cell cycle and proliferation . This enzyme’s ability to shuttle ATP to sites of high energy consumption and remove AMP generated during reactions underscores its importance in cellular metabolism .

Regulatory Mechanisms

The expression and activity of adenylate kinase are regulated through various mechanisms. Transcriptional regulation ensures that AK isoforms are expressed in specific tissues and under certain conditions . Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, can modulate the enzyme’s activity and stability . Additionally, the intracellular localization of AK isoforms is controlled by targeting sequences within the protein .

Applications

Adenylate kinase has several applications in biomedical research, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic strategies. Its role in energy metabolism makes it a valuable target for studying metabolic diseases and developing new treatments . AK is also used as a biomarker for early diagnosis of various conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer . Furthermore, the enzyme’s ability to regulate energy homeostasis has potential therapeutic implications for conditions involving oxidative stress and inflammation .

Role in the Life Cycle

Throughout the life cycle, adenylate kinase plays a critical role in development, aging, and disease. During development, AK is essential for cellular growth and differentiation by ensuring adequate energy supply . In aging, the enzyme helps maintain cellular energy balance, which is crucial for preventing age-related decline . Dysregulation of AK activity is associated with various diseases, including metabolic syndrome and neurodegenerative disorders, highlighting its importance in maintaining health throughout life .

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