Pfu DNA Polymerase

Pfu-DNA Polymerase Recombinant

Pfu DNA Polymerase, a thermostable enzyme with a molecular weight of approximately 90 kDa, is derived from E. coli containing the cloned gene from Pyrococcus furiosus strain Vc1 DSM3638. This enzyme facilitates DNA replication at 75°C by catalyzing nucleotide polymerization into duplex DNA in the 5' to 3' direction, requiring the presence of magnesium. Its 3' to 5' exonuclease activity, also known as proofreading, enables the swift removal of base misinsertions during polymerization, making Pfu DNA Polymerase highly suitable for PCR and primer extension reactions demanding high-fidelity synthesis. The PCR fragments generated by Pfu DNA Polymerase are blunt-ended.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT15439
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile liquid.

TaqDNA

Taq DNA Polymerase Recombinant

Taq DNA Polymerase (a) is a thermostable enzyme with an approximate size of 95 kDa, derived from the bacterium Thermus aquaticus. This enzyme, in its unmodified form, replicates DNA at a temperature of 74 degrees Celsius and demonstrates a half-life of 40 minutes at 95 degrees Celsius. Its function involves catalyzing the polymerization of nucleotides into double-stranded DNA in the 5' to 3' direction, requiring the presence of magnesium. Additionally, it possesses a 5' to 3' exonuclease activity. While recommended for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) applications, Taq DNA Polymerase is not advisable for use in DNA sequencing reactions.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT15668
Source
Recombinant e.coli contains Thermus aquaticus polymerase gene.

POLB Human

Polymerase (DNA directed), Beta Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human POLB, expressed in E. coli, is available as a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. This protein comprises 355 amino acids, with amino acids 1-335 representing the POLB sequence, and has a molecular weight of 40.3 kDa. A 20 amino acid His-tag is fused to the N-terminus to facilitate purification, which is achieved through proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT15534
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

Taq Plus DNA

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase Recombinant

Taq Plus, a blend of Taq and Pfu DNA polymerases, enhances the fidelity and yield of standard PCR reactions. Its advantages over Taq polymerase include a higher fidelity rate of 1.6/10^6 (or 0.0016/10^3) during DNA synthesis and increased polymerization efficiency, leading to a greater percentage of successful extensions, even for fragments up to 10 kb to 30 kb. Pfu polymerase, with an optimal temperature range of 72-78°C, retains over 95% activity after 1 hour at 95°C.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT15602
Source
Recombinant E.coli contains Thermus aquaticus polymerase gene.
Definition and Classification

DNA polymerases are a group of enzymes responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a pre-existing chain. They play a crucial role in DNA replication, ensuring the accurate duplication of the genetic material . DNA polymerases are classified into several families based on their structure and function. In prokaryotes, there are three main types: DNA polymerase I, II, and III. In eukaryotes, there are five primary types: DNA polymerase α, β, γ, δ, and ε .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: DNA polymerases are essential for DNA replication and repair. They possess proofreading abilities to ensure the fidelity of DNA synthesis .

Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: DNA polymerases are ubiquitously expressed in all dividing cells. However, their expression levels can vary depending on the cell type and the stage of the cell cycle .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: The main function of DNA polymerases is to synthesize new DNA strands during replication. They also play a role in DNA repair and recombination .

Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: DNA polymerases are indirectly involved in immune responses by maintaining the integrity of the genome, which is crucial for the proper functioning of immune cells .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: DNA polymerases work in conjunction with other proteins and enzymes, such as helicases, primases, and ligases, to ensure accurate DNA replication .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: DNA polymerases bind to the DNA template and the primer to initiate DNA synthesis. They also interact with various accessory proteins that enhance their processivity and fidelity .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory Mechanisms: The activity of DNA polymerases is tightly regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications .

Transcriptional Regulation: The expression of DNA polymerase genes is controlled by various transcription factors that respond to cellular signals and environmental cues .

Post-Translational Modifications: DNA polymerases undergo several post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination, which modulate their activity and stability .

Applications

Biomedical Research: DNA polymerases are extensively used in molecular biology techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, and cloning .

Diagnostic Tools: DNA polymerases are crucial in diagnostic applications, including the detection of genetic mutations and infectious agents .

Therapeutic Strategies: DNA polymerases are targets for antiviral and anticancer therapies. Inhibitors of viral DNA polymerases are used to treat viral infections, while inhibitors of human DNA polymerases are being explored as potential cancer treatments .

Role in the Life Cycle

Role Throughout the Life Cycle: DNA polymerases are essential throughout the life cycle, from development to aging. During development, they ensure the accurate replication of the genome in rapidly dividing cells. In adulthood, they maintain genomic stability by repairing DNA damage. In aging and disease, the efficiency and fidelity of DNA polymerases can decline, leading to genomic instability and the development of age-related diseases .

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