POLR3F Human

Polymerase III Polypeptide F Human Recombinant

Recombinant human POLR3F protein, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 339 amino acids (residues 1-316) with a molecular weight of 38.1 kDa. POLR3F is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT3242
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
A sterile, colorless solution.

POLR3K Human

Polymerase III Polypeptide K Human Recombinant

Recombinant human POLR3K, expressed in E. coli, is available as a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. This protein consists of 131 amino acids, with a sequence spanning from amino acid 1 to 108. The molecular weight of the recombinant protein is 14.7 kDa. For purification and detection purposes, a 23 amino acid His-tag is fused to the N-terminus of the protein. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques, ensuring a high degree of purity.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT3290
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized through filtration.

REV1 Human

REV1 Polymerase Human Recombinant

Recombinant human REV1, expressed in E. coli, is available as a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. This protein consists of 227 amino acids (residues 51-256) and has a molecular weight of 25.2 kDa. For purification and detection purposes, a 21 amino acid His-tag is fused to the N-terminus of the REV1 protein.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT3356
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a sterile, colorless solution.

T7 RNAP

T7 RNA Polymerase Recombinant

Recombinant T7 RNA polymerase is produced through the expression of bacteriophage T7 DNA within a recombinant E. coli bacterial system.

Functioning as a DNA-dependent 5'→ 3' RNA polymerase, T7 RNA Polymerase exhibits specific recognition of T7 promoter sequences.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT3415
Source

T7 Bacteriophage RNA Polymerase gene

Appearance
A clear solution that has been sterilized through filtration.

TAF10 Human

TAF10 RNA Polymerase II Human Recombinant

Recombinant human TAF10, expressed in E. coli, is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 158 amino acids (residues 84-218). It has a molecular weight of 16.9 kDa. The protein includes a 23 amino acid His-tag fused at the N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT3466
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a clear solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

TAF9 Human

TAF9 Recombinant Human

Produced in E. coli, TAF9 is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 192 amino acids (1-172 a.a.) with a molecular mass of 22.2 kDa. This protein is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT3519
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a sterile, colorless solution.

POLR2D Human

Polymerase II Polypeptide D Human Recombinant

Recombinantly produced in E. coli, POLR2D Human is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. It comprises 165 amino acids (1-142) and exhibits a molecular mass of 18.7 kDa. The protein is engineered with a 23 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and undergoes purification using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT2971
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
The product appears as a sterile-filtered solution, colorless in appearance.

POLR2E Human

Polymerase II Polypeptide E Human Recombinant

Recombinant human POLR2E, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 233 amino acids (residues 1-210). It has a molecular weight of 27.1 kDa. The protein includes a 23 amino acid His-tag fused at the N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT3009
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
The product is a clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

POLR2F Human

Polymerase II Polypeptide F Human Recombinant

Recombinant human POLR2F, produced in E. coli, is available as a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. This protein consists of 150 amino acids, encompassing residues 1-127, and exhibits a molecular weight of 16.9 kDa. Notably, its apparent size on SDS-PAGE may appear larger. The POLR2F protein is engineered with a 23 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and undergoes purification using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT3074
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

POLR2I Human

Polymerase II Polypeptide I Human Recombinant

This product consists of a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain of the human POLR2I protein. It was recombinantly produced in E. coli and encompasses amino acids 1-125 of the POLR2I sequence, with a His-tag fused to the N-terminus. Its molecular weight is 17.0 kDa. Purification is achieved through proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT3132
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless, and sterile-filtered solution.
Definition and Classification

Polymerases are enzymes that synthesize long chains of polymers or nucleic acids. They play a crucial role in the replication and transcription of genetic material. There are two main types of polymerases:

  • DNA Polymerase: Synthesizes DNA from deoxyribonucleotides.
  • RNA Polymerase: Synthesizes RNA from ribonucleotides .
Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties:

  • DNA Polymerase: Essential for DNA replication, repair, and recombination. It adds nucleotides to the 3’ end of a DNA strand, ensuring accurate copying of genetic information .
  • RNA Polymerase: Catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template during transcription .

Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution:

  • DNA polymerases are ubiquitously expressed in all dividing cells, with higher expression in tissues with rapid cell turnover, such as the bone marrow and gastrointestinal tract .
  • RNA polymerases are also widely expressed, with specific types (Pol I, Pol II, Pol III) having distinct roles in different tissues .
Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions:

  • DNA Polymerase: Synthesizes new DNA strands, repairs damaged DNA, and participates in genetic recombination .
  • RNA Polymerase: Transcribes DNA into RNA, which is then translated into proteins .

Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition:

  • DNA polymerases are involved in the repair of DNA damage caused by pathogens, thus maintaining genomic integrity .
  • RNA polymerases play a role in the transcription of genes involved in immune responses .
Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells:

  • DNA polymerases interact with various proteins involved in the replication fork, such as helicases and primases .
  • RNA polymerases interact with transcription factors and other regulatory proteins to initiate and regulate transcription .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades:

  • DNA polymerases bind to DNA templates and primers to synthesize new DNA strands .
  • RNA polymerases bind to promoter regions of genes and initiate RNA synthesis .
Regulatory Mechanisms

Control of Expression and Activity:

  • Transcriptional Regulation: DNA polymerase expression is regulated by cell cycle-dependent transcription factors .
  • Post-Translational Modifications: Phosphorylation and ubiquitination of polymerases can modulate their activity .
Applications

Biomedical Research:

  • Polymerases are essential tools in molecular biology techniques such as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and DNA sequencing .

Diagnostic Tools:

  • PCR-based diagnostic tests for infectious diseases and genetic disorders rely on the activity of DNA polymerases .

Therapeutic Strategies:

  • Polymerase inhibitors are used as antiviral and anticancer agents .
Role in the Life Cycle

Throughout Development to Aging and Disease:

  • DNA polymerases are crucial for cell division and development, ensuring accurate DNA replication .
  • RNA polymerases are involved in the transcription of genes necessary for growth, development, and response to environmental changes .
  • Dysregulation of polymerase activity can lead to diseases such as cancer and genetic disorders .
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