Product List

FEN1 Human

Flap Structure-Specific Endonuclease 1 Human Recombinant

FEN1 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 380 amino acids (1-380 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 42.5 kDa. The FEN1 protein is purified by standard chromatogrpahy techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT16013
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.

NEIL1 Human

Nei Endonuclease VIII-Like 1 Human Recombinant

NEIL1 Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 410 amino acids (1-390) and having a molecular mass of 45.8kDa.
NEIL1 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT16093
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.

NEIL2 Human

Nei Endonuclease VIII-Like 2 Human Recombinant

NEIL2 Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 356 amino acids (1-332) and having a molecular mass of 39.4kDa.
NEIL2 is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT16179
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.

NTH E.Coli

Endonuclease-III E.Coli Recombinant

NTH E.Coli Recombinant fused with a 20 amino acid His tag at N-terminus produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 231 amino acids (1-211a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 25.7kDa.
The NTH is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT16269
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

NTHL1 Human

Nth Endonuclease III-Like 1 Human Recombinant

NTHL1 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 332 amino acids (1-312 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 36.6kDa.
NTHL1 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT16346
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.

TSEN15 Human

tRNA Splicing Endonuclease 15 Human Recombinant

TSEN15 Human Recombinant fused with a 20 amino acid His tag at N-terminus produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 191 amino acids (1-171 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 20.9kDa.
The TSEN15 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT16434
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

Introduction

Definition and Classification

Endonucleases are enzymes that cleave the phosphodiester bond within a polynucleotide chain, either DNA or RNA . They are distinct from exonucleases, which cleave nucleotides from the ends of the chain . Endonucleases can be classified into several types based on their specificity and mechanism of action:

  • Type I: Large, multisubunit complexes that cleave DNA at random sites far from their recognition sequences and require ATP .
  • Type II: Simpler enzymes that cleave DNA at specific sites within or near their recognition sequences without requiring ATP .
  • Type III: Multisubunit complexes that cleave DNA at specific sites close to their recognition sequences and require ATP .
Biological Properties

Endonucleases exhibit several key biological properties:

  • Expression Patterns: Endonucleases are expressed in various organisms, including bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes .
  • Tissue Distribution: In eukaryotes, endonucleases are distributed across different tissues, playing roles in DNA repair, replication, and transcription .
  • Key Biological Properties: They are crucial for maintaining genomic integrity by repairing damaged DNA and processing RNA molecules .
Biological Functions

Endonucleases perform several primary biological functions:

  • DNA Repair: They play a critical role in repairing damaged DNA by cleaving damaged or mismatched regions .
  • RNA Processing: Endoribonucleases are involved in the precise cleavage of precursor RNA molecules to generate functional RNAs .
  • Immune Responses: Some endonucleases, such as restriction enzymes, protect bacteria from viral infections by degrading foreign DNA .
  • Pathogen Recognition: They help recognize and eliminate pathogenic DNA or RNA within cells .
Modes of Action

Endonucleases interact with other molecules and cells through various mechanisms:

  • Binding Partners: They often bind to specific DNA or RNA sequences, forming complexes with other proteins to facilitate cleavage .
  • Downstream Signaling Cascades: The cleavage of DNA or RNA by endonucleases can trigger downstream signaling pathways involved in DNA repair, apoptosis, or immune responses .
Regulatory Mechanisms

The expression and activity of endonucleases are tightly regulated:

  • Transcriptional Regulation: Gene expression of endonucleases is controlled by transcription factors that respond to cellular stress or damage .
  • Post-Translational Modifications: Endonucleases undergo various post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, to modulate their activity and stability .
Applications

Endonucleases have numerous applications in biomedical research and clinical settings:

  • Biomedical Research: They are used in gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, to create targeted DNA modifications .
  • Diagnostic Tools: Endonucleases are employed in molecular diagnostics to detect specific DNA or RNA sequences .
  • Therapeutic Strategies: They are explored as potential therapeutic agents for treating genetic disorders and cancers by targeting specific DNA sequences .
Role in the Life Cycle

Endonucleases play vital roles throughout the life cycle of organisms:

  • Development: They are involved in DNA replication and repair during cell division and development .
  • Aging: Endonucleases help maintain genomic stability, which is crucial for preventing age-related diseases .
  • Disease: Dysregulation of endonuclease activity can lead to various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders .
© Copyright 2024 Thebiotek. All Rights Reserved.