Enzymes
Product List
AKT1 Human
Protein Kinase B Alpha Human Recombinant
AKT1 Human, Sf9
Protein Kinase B Alpha Human Recombinant, Sf9
PKAkt1/PKBa
Protein Kinase Akt1/PKB alpha, Active enzyme Human Recombinant
PKAkt1/PKBa Human
Protein Kinase Akt1/PKB alpha, Inactive enzyme Human Recombinant
Introduction
Protein Kinase Akt1, also known as PKB alpha, is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. It is one of the three isoforms of the Akt family, the others being Akt2 (PKB beta) and Akt3 (PKB gamma). These isoforms are encoded by distinct genes: AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3 .
Key Biological Properties: Akt1 is involved in regulating metabolism, cell survival, motility, transcription, and cell-cycle progression . It is a central player in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: Akt1 is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues, with significant roles in skeletal muscle hypertrophy and general tissue growth . It is also highly expressed in the brain .
Primary Biological Functions: Akt1 is involved in cellular survival pathways by inhibiting apoptotic processes. It also induces protein synthesis pathways, contributing to skeletal muscle hypertrophy and tissue growth .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: Akt1 plays a role in immune responses by regulating the activity of various immune cells. It is involved in the signaling pathways that control the immune response to pathogens .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Akt1 is activated by PI3K signaling, which is triggered by growth factors, hormones, and other extracellular stimuli . Upon activation, Akt1 translocates to the plasma membrane, where it is phosphorylated at two key regulatory sites, Thr308 and Ser473 .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Akt1 interacts with various binding partners, including PI3K, PDK1, and mTORC1. It phosphorylates a wide range of substrates, leading to diverse cellular responses such as cell survival, growth, proliferation, and migration .
Expression and Activity Control: The expression and activity of Akt1 are regulated by multiple mechanisms, including transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications . Key regulatory mechanisms involve phosphorylation by upstream kinases and dephosphorylation by phosphatases .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: Akt1 can be modified through ubiquitination and methylation, which significantly regulate its activity and stability .
Biomedical Research: Akt1 is a major target in cancer research due to its role in promoting cell survival and growth. It is also studied in the context of metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases .
Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Strategies: Akt1 is used as a biomarker in various cancers. Therapeutic strategies targeting Akt1 include small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies designed to inhibit its activity .
Development to Aging and Disease: Akt1 plays a critical role throughout the life cycle, from embryonic development to aging. It is involved in processes such as thymocyte development, adipocyte differentiation, and glucose homeostasis . Dysregulation of Akt1 activity is associated with various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders .
