Enzymes
Product List
SMS Human
Spermine Synthase Human Recombinant
SRM Human
Spermidine Synthase Human Recombinant
ASNS Mouse
Asparagine Synthetase Mouse Recombinant
Mouse ASNS, expressed in Sf9 insect cells, is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 568 amino acids (1-562 a.a.) with a molecular weight of 65.2 kDa. It includes a 6-amino acid His tag at the C-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Sf9, Insect cells.
ASS1 Human
Argininosuccinate Synthase 1 Human Recombinant
GGPS1 Human
Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase 1 Human Recombinant
HMBS Human
Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase Human Recombinant
HMGCS1 Human
3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Synthase 1 Human Recombinant
HPGDS Human
Hematopoietic Prostaglandin D Synthase Human Recombinant
PTGDS Human
Prostaglandin D2 Synthase Human Recombinant
The PTGDS produced in E. coli is a single polypeptide chain that lacks glycosylation. It comprises 189 amino acids (specifically, amino acids 23 to 190) and has a molecular weight of 20.9 kDa. The protein includes a 21 amino acid His-tag fused to its N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.
PTGES2 Human
Prostaglandin E Synthase 2 Human Recombinant
Introduction
Synthase is a type of enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of molecules in biological systems. Unlike synthetases, synthases do not require energy from nucleoside triphosphates like ATP . Synthases are classified based on the type of reaction they catalyze, such as ATP synthase, citrate synthase, and fatty acid synthase .
Synthases exhibit diverse biological properties depending on their specific type and function. For instance, ATP synthase is ubiquitous across all life forms and is essential for ATP production . Expression patterns and tissue distribution vary; for example, ATP synthase is found in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and bacterial plasma membranes . Other synthases, like nitric oxide synthase, have specific expression patterns in neuronal, endothelial, and immune cells .
The primary function of synthases is to facilitate the synthesis of complex molecules. ATP synthase, for example, is crucial for producing ATP, the main energy currency of cells . Synthases also play roles in immune responses and pathogen recognition. Nitric oxide synthase, for instance, produces nitric oxide, a signaling molecule involved in immune responses and vasodilation .
Synthases operate through various mechanisms. ATP synthase, for example, uses a proton gradient to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate . This process involves the movement of protons through the enzyme, which acts as a rotary motor . Nitric oxide synthase, on the other hand, catalyzes the conversion of L-arginine to nitric oxide and L-citrulline, involving multiple cofactors and binding partners .
The activity and expression of synthases are tightly regulated. ATP synthase activity is regulated by the availability of ADP and inorganic phosphate, as well as the proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane . Nitric oxide synthase is regulated at the transcriptional level by various cytokines and growth factors, and its activity is modulated by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation .
Synthases have numerous applications in biomedical research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. ATP synthase inhibitors are being explored as potential treatments for cancer and infectious diseases . Nitric oxide synthase is a target for drugs aimed at treating cardiovascular diseases and inflammatory conditions . Synthases are also used as biomarkers in diagnostic assays for various diseases .
Synthases play critical roles throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease. ATP synthase is essential for energy production in all stages of life . Dysregulation of synthase activity is associated with various diseases, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer . Nitric oxide synthase, for example, is involved in developmental processes, immune responses, and aging .
