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Product List
PPP1R14A Human
Protein Phosphatase-1 Regulatory Subunit-14A Human Recombinant
This product consists of recombinant PPP1R14A protein produced in E. coli. It is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain with 167 amino acids, resulting in a molecular mass of 18 kDa. The protein includes a 20 amino acid His Tag sequence for purification purposes and is purified using standard chromatography techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs 
Cat. No.
BT437
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
PPM1F Human
Protein Phosphatase 1F Human Recombinant
Recombinant Human PPM1F, expressed in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain comprising 477 amino acids (residues 1-454) with a molecular weight of 52 kDa. A 23 amino acid His-tag is fused to the N-terminus of PPM1F, which is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT54
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
PPM1G Human
Protein Phosphatase 1G Human Recombinant
Recombinant human PPM1G, expressed in E. coli with an N-terminal His-tag, is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 250 amino acids. It has a molecular weight of 27 kDa. The purification process involves proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT104
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Colorless, sterile-filtered solution.
PPP1R8 Human
Protein Phosphatase 1, Regulatory Subunit 8 Human Recombinant
Recombinantly produced in E. coli, PPP1R8 Human is a single polypeptide chain with a length of 359 amino acids (residues 1-351) and a molecular weight of 39.5 kDa.
For purification purposes, PPP1R8 is tagged with an 8 amino acid His-tag at the C-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
For purification purposes, PPP1R8 is tagged with an 8 amino acid His-tag at the C-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT738
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
PPP2R1A Human
Protein Phosphatase 2, Regulatory Subunit A Alpha Human Recombinant
Recombinant human PPP2R1A, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 612 amino acids (1-589 a.a.). With a molecular weight of 67.7 kDa, it features a 23 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus. Purification is achieved through proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT786
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
PPP3CA Human
Protein Phosphatase 3, Catalytic subunit, Alpha Isozyme Human Recombinant
Recombinant human PPP3CA, with a 23 amino acid His tag at the N-terminus, was produced in E. coli. This protein is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 534 amino acids (residues 1-511) with a molecular weight of 60 kDa. Purification of PPP3CA was achieved using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT860
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution, sterile filtered.
PPP3R1 Human
Protein Phosphatase 3, Regulatory subunit, Alpha Isozyme Recombinant Human
Produced in E. coli, this product consists of a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain of PPP3R1. It contains 190 amino acids (amino acids 1-170), has a molecular weight of 21.5 kDa, and includes a 20 amino acid His-tag fused at the N-terminus. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT928
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, sterile solution without any color.
PPP3R2 Human
Protein Phosphatase 3 Regulatory subunit, Beta Isozyme Human Recombinant
Recombinant human PPP3R2, expressed in E. coli, is engineered with a 20 amino acid His tag at the N-terminus. This non-glycosylated polypeptide comprises amino acids 1-173, resulting in a single chain with a molecular weight of 22kDa. Purification of PPP3R2 is achieved through proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT1015
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product appears as a sterile, colorless solution after filtration.
PPP4C Human
Protein Phosphatase 4 Catalytic subunit Human Recombinant
PPP4C Human Recombinant protein, expressed in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 37.5 kDa. The protein comprises 330 amino acids, including a 23 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus (amino acids 1-307). Purification is carried out using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT1079
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
ACP1 Human
Acid Phosphatase-1 Human Recombinant
Recombinant Human ACP1, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 178 amino acids (1-158 a.a.) with a molecular weight of 20.1 kDa. An N-terminal 20 amino acid His-Tag is fused to ACP1, which is purified using standard chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT26254
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
Introduction
Definition and Classification
Phosphatases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the removal of phosphate groups from molecules, a process known as dephosphorylation. They play a crucial role in various cellular processes by regulating the phosphorylation state of proteins and other molecules. Phosphatases are broadly classified into two main categories:
- Protein Phosphatases: These enzymes specifically target phosphorylated amino acid residues in proteins. They are further divided into:
- Serine/Threonine Phosphatases: Target serine or threonine residues.
- Tyrosine Phosphatases: Target tyrosine residues.
- Dual-Specificity Phosphatases: Can target both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues.
- Non-Protein Phosphatases: These enzymes act on non-protein substrates, such as nucleotides, sugars, and lipids.
Biological Properties
Key Biological Properties:
- Catalytic Activity: Phosphatases hydrolyze phosphate esters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
- Substrate Specificity: They exhibit specificity for their substrates, which can be proteins, nucleotides, or other molecules.
Expression Patterns:
- Phosphatases are ubiquitously expressed in various tissues and cell types, with specific isoforms showing distinct expression patterns.
Tissue Distribution:
- Protein Phosphatases: Widely distributed across tissues, with high expression in the brain, liver, and muscles.
- Non-Protein Phosphatases: Found in various tissues, depending on their specific substrates.
Biological Functions
Primary Biological Functions:
- Regulation of Signal Transduction: Phosphatases modulate signaling pathways by dephosphorylating key signaling molecules.
- Cell Cycle Control: They play a role in cell cycle progression by regulating the phosphorylation state of cell cycle proteins.
- Metabolic Regulation: Phosphatases are involved in metabolic pathways by dephosphorylating metabolic enzymes.
Role in Immune Responses:
- Phosphatases regulate immune cell activation and function by modulating signaling pathways involved in immune responses.
Pathogen Recognition:
- Some phosphatases are involved in recognizing and responding to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), contributing to the immune defense.
Modes of Action
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells:
- Phosphatases interact with various molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleotides, to exert their dephosphorylation activity.
Binding Partners:
- They often form complexes with other proteins, which can regulate their activity and substrate specificity.
Downstream Signaling Cascades:
- By dephosphorylating key signaling molecules, phosphatases influence downstream signaling pathways, affecting cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Regulatory Mechanisms
Regulatory Mechanisms:
- Transcriptional Regulation: The expression of phosphatases is regulated at the transcriptional level by various transcription factors and signaling pathways.
- Post-Translational Modifications: Phosphatases themselves can be regulated by post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and methylation, which can alter their activity, stability, and localization.
Applications
Biomedical Research:
- Phosphatases are studied to understand their role in various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Diagnostic Tools:
- Phosphatase activity assays are used in diagnostic tests to measure enzyme activity in biological samples, aiding in the diagnosis of certain diseases.
Therapeutic Strategies:
- Inhibitors of specific phosphatases are being developed as potential therapeutic agents for diseases where phosphatase activity is dysregulated.
Role in the Life Cycle
Role Throughout the Life Cycle:
- Development: Phosphatases are involved in embryonic development by regulating signaling pathways that control cell differentiation and tissue formation.
- Aging: Changes in phosphatase activity have been associated with aging and age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease.
- Disease: Dysregulation of phosphatase activity is implicated in various diseases, including cancer, where altered phosphorylation states can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation.
