Recombinant Proteins

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ANG Human

Angiogenin Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human ANG, expressed in E.coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 144 amino acids (residues 25-147). It has a molecular weight of 16.4 kDa. This protein is engineered with a 21 amino acid His-Tag at the N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT19591
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

ANG Human, Sf9

ANG Human Recombinant, Sf9

Produced using Sf9 insect cells (specifically, Baculovirus expression system), our ANG protein is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 132 amino acids (spanning positions 25 to 147a.a.). It has a molecular weight of 15.2 kDa. For ease of purification and detection, a 6-amino acid Histidine tag (His-Tag) is fused to the C-terminus of the protein. Purification is carried out using proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT19666
Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has undergone sterile filtration.
Definition and Classification

Angiogenin (ANG), also known as ribonuclease 5, is a small protein consisting of 123 amino acids. It belongs to the ribonuclease A superfamily and is encoded by the ANG gene in humans . Angiogenin is a potent stimulator of new blood vessel formation through the process of angiogenesis .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: Angiogenin exhibits weak ribonucleolytic activity, which is crucial for its biological functions . It hydrolyzes cellular RNA, modulating protein synthesis levels and interacting with DNA to increase rRNA expression .

Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: Angiogenin is widely expressed in various human tissues and fluids, including plasma, amniotic fluid, tumor microenvironment, and cerebrospinal fluid . It is present in normal human tissues and fluids, such as plasma and amniotic fluid .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: Angiogenin plays a key role in angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, which is essential for normal and tumor growth . It interacts with endothelial and smooth muscle cells, resulting in cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and formation of tubular structures .

Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: Angiogenin exhibits wound healing properties and microbicidal activity, contributing to host immunity . It is involved in regulating cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and differentiation .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Angiogenin binds to actin of both smooth muscle and endothelial cells to form complexes that activate proteolytic cascades, upregulating the production of proteases and plasmin . These enzymes degrade the laminin and fibronectin layers of the basement membrane, allowing endothelial cells to penetrate and migrate into the perivascular tissue .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Angiogenin activates signal transduction pathways at the cellular membrane of endothelial cells, producing extracellular signal-related kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) and protein kinase B/Akt . These proteins lead to the invasion of the basement membrane and cell proliferation associated with further angiogenesis .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: Angiogenin’s expression and activity are regulated by various mechanisms. It binds to actin to form complexes that activate proteolytic cascades, upregulating the production of proteases and plasmin . Under stress conditions, angiogenin translocates to the cytosol and cleaves tRNA into fragments, inhibiting ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis .

Applications

Biomedical Research: Angiogenin has been extensively studied in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases due to its role in angiogenesis and gene expression regulation .

Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Strategies: Angiogenin’s unique properties make it a potential target for diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies. It has been proposed as a permissive factor for angiogenesis induced by other angiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor, and epidermal growth factor .

Role in the Life Cycle

Development to Aging and Disease: Angiogenin plays a crucial role throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease. It is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and differentiation . Angiogenin’s role in angiogenesis is essential for normal development and tumor growth .

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