Recombinant Proteins

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SOST Human

Sclerostin Human Recombinant

Recombinant human SOST, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain encompassing amino acids 24-213. This chain consists of 200 amino acids, including a 10 a.a N-terminal His tag, resulting in a calculated total molecular mass of 22.8 kDa.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT19531
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
White powder, lyophilized after filtration.

SOST Human, HEK

Sclerostin Human Recombinant, HEK

Recombinant Human SOST, produced in HEK293 cells, is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain. It encompasses amino acids 24-213, totaling 196 amino acids, and includes a 6 amino acid C-terminal His tag. The calculated molecular mass is 22.4 kDa.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT19606
Source

HEK293 Cells.

Appearance
White lyophilized powder, filtered for purity.

SOSTDC1 Human

Sclerostin Domain Containing 1 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human SOSTDC1, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 206 amino acids (24-206 a.a). It has a molecular mass of 23 kDa. The protein consists of SOSTDC1 fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus. It is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT19741
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A sterile, colorless solution.
Definition and Classification

Sclerostin is a secreted glycoprotein encoded by the SOST gene. It belongs to the DAN (differential screening-selected gene aberrative in neuroblastoma) family of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonists . Sclerostin is primarily produced by osteocytes and has a significant role in bone metabolism by inhibiting bone formation .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: Sclerostin is a glycoprotein with a C-terminal cysteine knot-like (CTCK) domain . It is mainly produced by mature osteocytes, which are differentiated osteoblasts embedded within the bone matrix .

Expression Patterns: Sclerostin expression is predominantly found in bone tissue, particularly in trabecular bone . It is also expressed in other tissues such as the aorta, testicles, and kidneys .

Tissue Distribution: The highest expression of sclerostin is observed in the trabecular bone, followed by other tissues like the aorta and testicles .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: Sclerostin plays a critical role in regulating bone formation by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway . It acts as a negative regulator of bone formation, thereby maintaining bone homeostasis .

Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: While sclerostin’s primary function is in bone metabolism, it also has roles in the immune system. It modulates the development and differentiation of immune cells, particularly B cells .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Sclerostin exerts its effects by binding to low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) 5/6, which are co-receptors in the Wnt signaling pathway . This binding inhibits the pathway, leading to decreased bone formation .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: By binding to LRP5/6, sclerostin prevents the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is crucial for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation . This inhibition results in reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: Sclerostin expression is regulated by mechanical loading, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and steroid signaling . Mechanical loading decreases sclerostin expression, promoting bone formation . PTH also downregulates sclerostin expression by inhibiting the activity of specific kinases .

Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: The SOST gene is regulated at the transcriptional level by various factors, including mechanical stress and hormonal signals . Post-translational modifications of sclerostin, such as glycosylation, are essential for its stability and function .

Applications

Biomedical Research: Sclerostin is a critical target in osteoporosis research. Inhibitors of sclerostin, such as romosozumab, have been developed to treat osteoporosis by promoting bone formation .

Diagnostic Tools: Sclerostin levels can be measured in serum as a biomarker for bone metabolism and diseases related to bone density .

Therapeutic Strategies: Sclerostin inhibitors are used as therapeutic agents to treat bone diseases like osteoporosis. These inhibitors work by blocking sclerostin’s activity, thereby enhancing bone formation and reducing fracture risk .

Role in the Life Cycle

Development to Aging and Disease: Sclerostin plays a vital role throughout the life cycle. During development, it helps regulate bone formation and growth . In adulthood, it maintains bone homeostasis by balancing bone formation and resorption . In aging, increased sclerostin levels are associated with decreased bone density and higher fracture risk .

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