Recombinant Proteins
Product List
CETN1 Human
Centrin-1 Human Recombinant
CETN1 Human Recombinant produced E. coli is a single polypeptide chain containing 196 amino acids (1-172) and having a molecular mass of 22.1kDa.
CETN1 is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CETN2 Human
Centrin-2 Human Recombinant
CETN3 Human
Centrin-3 Human Recombinant
Introduction
Centrins, also known as caltractins, are a family of small calcium-binding phosphoproteins found in the centrosome of eukaryotic cells . They belong to the EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins and are characterized by their four calcium-binding EF-hands . Centrins are ubiquitous centrosome components and are essential for the duplication of centrioles . In humans, there are three centrin genes: CETN1, CETN2, and CETN3 .
Centrins are highly conserved proteins with a molecular weight of approximately 20 kDa . They exhibit calcium-sensitive contractile behavior and have a high affinity for calcium . Centrins are expressed in various tissues, with CETN1 typically expressed in male germ cells, while CETN2 and CETN3 are expressed in somatic cells . The expression patterns and tissue distribution of centrins suggest their involvement in diverse cellular processes .
Centrins play a crucial role in the duplication of centrioles, which are essential for cell division . They are also involved in severing microtubules through calcium-mediated contraction . Additionally, centrins have been implicated in DNA repair, centrosome duplication, and nuclear export of mRNA . Their role in immune responses and pathogen recognition is still under investigation, but their involvement in maintaining cellular integrity suggests potential functions in these areas .
Centrins interact with various binding partners and participate in multiple cellular processes. For example, the C-terminal domain of centrin binds to the yeast centrosomal protein Kar1p in a calcium-dependent manner . This interaction is crucial for centrin’s function in the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) . Centrins also participate in downstream signaling cascades by regulating the activity of other proteins through calcium binding .
The expression and activity of centrins are regulated through multiple mechanisms. Transcriptional regulation involves the control of centrin gene expression by various transcription factors . Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, also play a significant role in modulating centrin activity . These regulatory mechanisms ensure the proper functioning of centrins in different cellular contexts .
Centrins have several applications in biomedical research, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic strategies. They are used as markers for studying centrosome dynamics and cell division . In diagnostic tools, centrins can be used to detect abnormalities in centrosome function, which are often associated with cancer . Therapeutically, targeting centrin pathways may offer potential strategies for treating diseases related to centrosome dysfunction .
Centrins play a vital role throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease. During development, centrins are essential for proper cell division and differentiation . In aging, alterations in centrin function can lead to cellular senescence and age-related diseases . Additionally, centrin dysfunction is associated with various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders .
