Recombinant Proteins

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KLRG1 Human

Killer Cell Lectin-like Receptor Subfamily G, Member 1 Human Recombinant

This product consists of a recombinant human KLRG1 protein produced in E. coli. It is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain with 153 amino acids (residues 60-189). This protein has a molecular weight of 17 kDa and includes a 23 amino acid His-tag fused at its N-terminus. Purification is achieved through proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT219
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless, and sterile-filtered solution.

KLRF1 Human

Killer Cell lectin-like Receptor Subfamily F Member 1 Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human KLRF1, expressed in HEK293 cells, is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain. It comprises 414 amino acids (60-231a.a) with a molecular weight of 47.1kDa. The protein includes a C-terminal fusion of a 242 amino acid hIgG-His-Tag and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT155
Source

HEK293 Cells.

Appearance

Sterile filtered, colorless solution.

KLRC2 Human

Killer Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C, Member 2 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human KLRC2, expressed in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 18.4 kDa. This protein comprises 162 amino acids (residues 94-231) and includes a 24 amino acid His-tag fused at its N-terminus. Purification is achieved through proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT27107
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
A clear, sterile-filtered solution.

KLRC3 Human

Killer Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C, Member 3 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human KLRC3, produced in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain consisting of 171 amino acids (residues 94-240) with a molecular weight of 19.0 kDa. It is expressed with a 24 amino acid His-tag fused to the N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT27199
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless, and sterile-filtered solution.

KLRC1 Human

Killer Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C, Member 1 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human KLRC1, produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells, is a single glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 149 amino acids (94-233a.a.). With a molecular weight of 17.1 kDa, KLRC1 is expressed with a 9 amino acid His tag at the C-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT26708
Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution

KLRD1 Human

Killer Cell Lectin Like Receptor D1 Human Recombinant

This product consists of the extracellular domain of human KLRD1 (amino acids 32-179) expressed in Sf9 insect cells. It is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain with a 6-amino acid Histidine tag at the C-terminus. The molecular weight of the protein is 18.2 kDa, but it appears as multiple bands between 18-28 kDa on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. The protein is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT26763
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

KLRK1 Human, Sf9

Killer Cell lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K, Member 1 Human Recombinant, Sf9

Recombinant human KLRK1 was expressed in Sf9 Baculovirus cells as a glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 386 amino acids (73-216a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 43.9kDa. The protein is fused to a 242 amino acids hIgG-His tag at its C-terminus. KLRK1 migrates on SDS-PAGE at approximately 40-57kDa depending on glycosylation. KLRK1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT26853
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

KLRB1 Human

Killer Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B, Member 1 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human KLRB1, expressed in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 21.0 kDa. It consists of 183 amino acids (residues 67-225) and includes a 24 amino acid His-tag fused to the N-terminus. The protein is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT26939
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution, sterile-filtered.

KLRB1 Human, Sf9

Killer Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B, Member 1 Human Recombinant, Sf9

KLRB1, expressed in Sf9 insect cells using a baculovirus system, is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 45.7 kDa. This recombinant protein comprises 401 amino acids, spanning from residue 67 to 225a.a. A 239 amino acid hIgG-His-tag is fused to the C-terminus of KLRB1 to facilitate purification, which is carried out using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT27018
Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Definition and Classification

Killer cell lectin-like receptors (KLRs) are a family of transmembrane proteins primarily expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and subsets of T cells. They belong to the C-type lectin-like receptor (CLR) superfamily, characterized by their ability to recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and host cells. KLRs are classified into activating and inhibitory receptors based on their signaling motifs and functional outcomes .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: KLRs are type II transmembrane glycoproteins with an extracellular C-type lectin domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail containing signaling motifs. They can bind to various ligands, including cadherins and other cell surface molecules .

Expression Patterns: KLRs are predominantly expressed on NK cells and subsets of T cells, including CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Their expression can be modulated by various factors, including cytokines and cellular activation states .

Tissue Distribution: KLRs are widely distributed across various tissues, with high expression in lymphoid organs such as the spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. They are also found in non-lymphoid tissues, including the liver, lungs, and intestines .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: KLRs play crucial roles in regulating immune cell activation, proliferation, and cytotoxicity. They provide both stimulatory and inhibitory signals, balancing immune responses to self-antigens and foreign antigens .

Role in Immune Responses: KLRs are involved in the recognition and elimination of infected or transformed cells. They contribute to immune surveillance by modulating NK cell and T cell functions, including cytokine production and cytotoxic activity .

Pathogen Recognition: KLRs can recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on the surface of microbes, facilitating the immune system’s ability to detect and respond to infections .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: KLRs interact with various ligands, including cadherins on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and tumor cells. These interactions trigger signaling cascades that modulate immune cell functions .

Binding Partners: KLRs bind to ligands such as E-cadherin and N-cadherin, which are expressed on epithelial and mesenchymal cells, respectively. These interactions are crucial for the regulation of immune responses .

Downstream Signaling Cascades: Upon ligand binding, KLRs initiate signaling pathways involving the phosphorylation of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) or activation motifs (ITAMs). These pathways recruit phosphatases like SHIP-1 and SHP-2, leading to the modulation of immune cell activity .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Expression and Activity Control: The expression and activity of KLRs are tightly regulated by transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Cytokines such as IL-2 and IL-15 can upregulate KLR expression, while cellular activation states can modulate their activity .

Transcriptional Regulation: KLR gene expression is controlled by transcription factors that respond to immune signals. For example, the transcription factor T-bet is known to regulate the expression of certain KLRs in NK cells .

Post-translational Modifications: KLRs undergo various post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation and glycosylation, which can influence their stability, localization, and signaling capacity .

Applications

Biomedical Research: KLRs are valuable tools in immunological research, providing insights into immune regulation and potential therapeutic targets for immune-related diseases .

Diagnostic Tools: KLR expression patterns can serve as biomarkers for immune cell activation and differentiation, aiding in the diagnosis and monitoring of immune disorders .

Therapeutic Strategies: Targeting KLRs with specific inhibitors or agonists holds promise for therapeutic interventions in cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, blocking inhibitory KLRs can enhance anti-tumor immunity .

Role in the Life Cycle

Development: KLRs are involved in the development and maturation of NK cells and T cells. Their expression is regulated during different stages of immune cell differentiation .

Aging: The expression and function of KLRs can change with age, potentially contributing to age-related declines in immune function. For instance, increased expression of inhibitory KLRs has been associated with reduced NK cell activity in elderly individuals .

Disease: Dysregulation of KLR expression and signaling is implicated in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and chronic infections. Understanding the role of KLRs in these conditions can inform the development of targeted therapies .

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