Recombinant Proteins

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STX17 Human

Syntaxin-17 Human Recombinant

STX17 Human Recombinant, produced in E.coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. It comprises 252 amino acids (1-229) and has a molecular mass of 28.6kDa. The protein includes a 23 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8480
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear, sterile solution after filtration.

STX1A (1-265) Human

Syntaxin-1A (1-265 a.a) Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human STX1A, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 265 amino acids (1-265 a.a.). It has a molecular weight of 30.7 kDa. The protein has been purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8534
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

STX1A Human

Syntaxin-1A Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human Syntaxin-1A, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. This protein consists of 226 amino acids (1-226) and has a molecular weight of 26.1 kDa. It includes both the N-terminal domain (Habc) and the t_SNARE domain (H3 domain).
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8621
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

STX2 Human

Syntaxin-2 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human STX2, produced in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain consisting of 289 amino acids (residues 1-264) with a molecular weight of 33.6 kDa. The protein features a 25 amino acid His-tag fused at the N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8708
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless, and sterile-filtered solution.

STX11 Human

Syntaxin-11 Human Recombinant

This product consists of recombinant human STX11 protein produced in E. coli. It is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 311 amino acids (specifically, amino acids 1-287) and has a molecular weight of 35.8 kDa. The STX11 protein is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus to facilitate purification, which is carried out using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8285
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

STX12 Human

Syntaxin-12 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human STX12, produced in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain comprising 272 amino acids (residues 1-248) with a molecular weight of 31.0 kDa. This protein is expressed with a 24-amino acid His-tag fused to its N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8378
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Sterile, colorless, and filtered solution.

STX3 Human

Syntaxin-3 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human STX3, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 288 amino acids (with residues 1-263 present) and having a molecular weight of 33.2 kDa. A 25 amino acid His-tag is fused to the N-terminus to facilitate purification using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8810
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
A sterile, colorless solution, free from particulate matter.

STX4 Human

Syntaxin-4 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human STX4, produced in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain consisting of 300 amino acids (residues 1-275). It has a molecular weight of 34.7 kDa. The protein includes a 25 amino acid His-tag fused at the N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8885
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
A sterile, colorless solution.

STX6 Human

Syntaxin-6 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human STX6, expressed in E. coli, is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 29.2 kDa. The protein consists of 257 amino acids, with residues 1-234 corresponding to the STX6 sequence. A 23 amino acid His-tag is fused to the N-terminus to facilitate purification, which is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8982
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear solution that has undergone sterile filtration.

STXBP6 Human

Syntaxin Binding Protein 6 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human STXBP6, a non-glycosylated polypeptide, is produced in E. coli. This protein consists of 233 amino acids (specifically, amino acids 1 to 210) and has a molecular weight of 25.9 kDa. It includes a 23 amino acid His-tag attached to the N-terminus. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT9042
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear solution that has undergone sterile filtration.
Definition and Classification

Syntaxins are a family of membrane-integrated Q-SNARE proteins that play a crucial role in the process of exocytosis . They are involved in the fusion of vesicles with target membranes, a fundamental process in cellular transport mechanisms. Syntaxins possess a single C-terminal transmembrane domain, a SNARE domain (known as H3), and an N-terminal regulatory domain (Habc) . There are multiple members of the syntaxin family, including Syntaxin 1A, 1B, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 16, 17, 18, and 19 .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: Syntaxins are characterized by their ability to mediate vesicle fusion through the formation of SNARE complexes . They have a conserved structure that includes coiled-coil domains and a transmembrane domain .

Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: Syntaxins are expressed in various tissues, with specific isoforms being predominant in certain cell types. For example, Syntaxin 1A is primarily found in neural tissues and is involved in synaptic vesicle docking . Other isoforms, such as Syntaxin 17, are involved in processes like mitochondrial division and autophagosome formation .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: Syntaxins are essential for the docking and fusion of vesicles with target membranes, facilitating the release of neurotransmitters and other cellular contents . They are also involved in various intracellular transport processes along the exocytic and endocytic pathways .

Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: Syntaxins play a role in immune responses by mediating the exocytosis of granules from immune cells. This process is crucial for the release of cytotoxic substances that target pathogens .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Syntaxins interact with other SNARE proteins, such as synaptobrevin and SNAP-25, to form the core SNARE complex . This complex drives the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane. Syntaxins also bind to synaptotagmin in a calcium-dependent manner, which regulates the fusion process .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Syntaxins bind to various proteins, including Munc-18, which regulates their conformation and activity . The formation of the SNARE complex triggers downstream signaling cascades that lead to vesicle fusion and content release .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: The expression and activity of syntaxins are regulated by multiple factors, including transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications . For instance, the transcription of Syntaxin 1A is regulated by protein kinase A (PKA) signaling, which involves the phosphorylation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and subsequent histone acetylation .

Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: Syntaxins undergo various post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, which can affect their activity and interactions with other proteins .

Applications

Biomedical Research: Syntaxins are studied extensively in the context of neurobiology and cellular transport mechanisms. They serve as models for understanding vesicle fusion and neurotransmitter release .

Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Strategies: Syntaxins have potential applications in diagnostic tools for neurological disorders and as targets for therapeutic interventions. For example, botulinum neurotoxin targets Syntaxin 1A to inhibit neurotransmitter release, which is used therapeutically to treat conditions like muscle spasticity .

Role in the Life Cycle

Role Throughout the Life Cycle: Syntaxins play a role in various stages of the life cycle, from development to aging. During development, they are involved in the formation and maturation of synapses . In aging and disease, alterations in syntaxin function can contribute to neurodegenerative disorders and other age-related conditions .

From Development to Aging and Disease: Syntaxins are crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and proper functioning of the nervous system throughout life. Dysregulation of syntaxin activity can lead to various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and immune system dysfunctions .

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