Recombinant Proteins
Product List
DYNLRB2 Human
Dynein Light Chain Roadblock-Type 2 Human Recombinant
DYNLT1 Human
Dynein, Light Chain, Tctex-Type 1 Human Recombinant
Recombinant Human DYNLT1, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 133 amino acids (1-113 a.a.). With a molecular weight of 14.6 kDa, DYNLT1 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
DYNLT3 Human
Dynein, Light Chain, Tctex-Type 3 Human Recombinant
DNAL1 Human
Dynein Axonemal Light Chain 1 Human Recombinant
DNAL4 Human
Dynein Axonemal Light Chain 4 Human Recombinant
DNALI1 Human
Dynein Axonemal Light Intermediate Chain 1 Human Recombinant
DYNLL1 Human
Dynein Light Chain LC8 Type-1 Human Recombinant
DYNLL2 Human
Dynein Light Chain LC8 Type-2 Human Recombinant
DYNLRB1 Human
Dynein Light Chain Roadblock-Type 1 Human Recombinant
Introduction
Dynein light chains (DLCs) are small, non-catalytic subunits of the dynein motor protein complex. Dyneins are a family of cytoskeletal motor proteins that move along microtubules in cells, converting chemical energy stored in ATP to mechanical work . Dyneins are classified into two main groups: cytoplasmic dyneins and axonemal dyneins . DLCs are further classified into several types, including DYNLL1, DYNLL2, DYNLRB1, DYNLRB2, DYNLT1, and DYNLT3 .
Key Biological Properties: Dynein light chains are essential for the structural integrity and function of the dynein motor complex. They play a role in stabilizing the dynein complex and facilitating its interaction with various cargoes .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: DLCs are ubiquitously expressed in various tissues, with specific expression patterns depending on the type of DLC. For example, DYNLL1 and DYNLL2 are expressed in a wide range of tissues, including the brain, heart, and skeletal muscles .
Primary Biological Functions: Dynein light chains are involved in intracellular transport, mitosis, and the movement of cilia and flagella . They facilitate the transport of various cellular cargoes, including organelles, vesicles, and proteins, towards the minus-end of microtubules .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: DLCs play a role in immune responses by regulating the transport of immune-related vesicles and proteins. They are also involved in the recognition and transport of pathogens within cells .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Dynein light chains interact with other subunits of the dynein complex, including heavy chains, intermediate chains, and light intermediate chains . They also interact with various adaptor proteins that link dynein to its cargoes .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: DLCs bind to a variety of proteins, including neuronal nitric oxide synthase and Bcl-2-associated athanogene 1 (BAG1) . These interactions are crucial for the regulation of downstream signaling pathways involved in cell survival, apoptosis, and intracellular transport .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: The expression and activity of dynein light chains are regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications . Transcription factors such as ASCIZ (ATMIN/ZNF822) directly regulate the expression of DLCs .
Post-Translational Modifications: DLCs undergo various post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, which modulate their activity and interactions with other proteins .
Biomedical Research: Dynein light chains are used as molecular tools to study intracellular transport and motor protein function . They are also used in research to understand the mechanisms of diseases related to dynein dysfunction, such as neurodegenerative diseases .
Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Strategies: DLCs have potential applications in diagnostic tools for detecting dynein-related dysfunctions. They are also being explored as therapeutic targets for diseases involving defects in intracellular transport and motor protein function .
Role Throughout the Life Cycle: Dynein light chains play a crucial role throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease . During development, they are involved in processes such as cell division, differentiation, and migration . In aging and disease, dynein dysfunction can lead to various pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases and impaired immune responses .
