Recombinant Proteins

p53
LBP
CEA
HLA
TCL
TTC
NPM
MAF
Bax
BID

HOMER1 Human

Homer Homolog-1 Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human HOMER1, expressed in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain without glycosylation. It comprises 391 amino acids (specifically, amino acids 1 to 354) and has a molecular weight of 44.5 kDa. This protein includes a 37 amino acid His Tag at the N-terminus. Purification is achieved through proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT22314
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

HOMER2 Human

Homer Homolog-2 Human Recombinant

Recombinant HOMER2, of human origin, is produced in E. coli. This single polypeptide chain encompasses 368 amino acids (residues 1-343) and exhibits a molecular weight of 42.1kDa. The protein is engineered with a 25 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and undergoes purification using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT22388
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution, sterile-filtered.

HOMER3 Human

Homer Homolog-3 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human HOMER3, expressed in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain encompassing 386 amino acids (residues 1-361) with a molecular weight of 42.5 kDa. The protein is appended with a 24 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT22417
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution, sterilized by filtration.
Definition and Classification

Homer homologs are a family of adaptor proteins predominantly localized at the postsynaptic density in mammalian neurons. They are classified into three main types: Homer1, Homer2, and Homer3 . Each type has several isoforms resulting from alternative splicing, primarily categorized into long and short forms .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: Homer proteins are crucial for maintaining synaptic plasticity and homeostasis. They contribute to the integrity and proper function of synapses by regulating their size and cleaning them .

Expression Patterns: Homer proteins are expressed in various tissues, including the brain, heart, kidney, muscle, ovary, and testicles .

Tissue Distribution: They are predominantly found at the postsynaptic density in neurons but are also present in other tissues, indicating their diverse physiological roles .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: Homer proteins play a significant role in synaptic plasticity, memory formation, anxiety, fear, addiction, and social activity . They are also involved in the regulation of calcium signaling and neurotransmitter release .

Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: While primarily known for their role in the nervous system, Homer proteins also contribute to immune responses by modulating signaling pathways involved in pathogen recognition .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Homer proteins interact with various postsynaptic density proteins through their EVH1 domain and coiled-coil domain . They form protein clusters that facilitate signal transduction and cross-talk between target proteins .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Homer proteins bind to group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and other signaling molecules, modulating downstream signaling cascades involved in synaptic transmission and plasticity .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory Mechanisms: The expression and activity of Homer proteins are regulated by neuronal activity and immediate-early genes (IEGs) such as Fos and Jun . Post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, also play a role in modulating their function .

Transcriptional Regulation: Neuronal activation induces the rapid transcription of Homer1a, an immediate-early gene product that disrupts Homer clusters by competitive binding to target proteins .

Post-Translational Modifications: Phosphorylation and other modifications regulate the activity and interactions of Homer proteins, influencing their role in synaptic plasticity and signaling .

Applications

Biomedical Research: Homer proteins are used as markers for studying synaptic plasticity and neurological disorders . They are also involved in research on addiction, anxiety, and cognitive function .

Diagnostic Tools: Antibodies targeting Homer proteins are used in various scientific applications, including Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, and ELISA, to study their expression and function .

Therapeutic Strategies: Modulating Homer protein activity has potential therapeutic applications in treating neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and autism .

Role in the Life Cycle

Development to Aging and Disease: Homer proteins play a crucial role throughout the life cycle, from development to aging. They are involved in synaptic development, memory formation, and cognitive function . Dysregulation of Homer proteins is associated with various neurological disorders, highlighting their importance in maintaining brain health .

© Copyright 2024 Thebiotek. All Rights Reserved.