Recombinant Proteins

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RB1 Human

Retinoblastoma Associated Protein Human Recombinant

This product consists of the human Retinoblastoma protein, produced in E. coli bacteria, with a 6X His tag attached to it. This tag allows for easy purification. The protein is a single chain of 146 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 16.5 kDa. It is non-glycosylated, meaning it lacks sugar modifications. The protein is purified using specific chromatographic techniques to ensure its purity.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT14178
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a white powder that has been sterilized by filtration and then freeze-dried.

RBBP4 Human

Retinoblastoma Binding Protein 4 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human RBBP4, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. This protein consists of 449 amino acids, encompassing residues 1 to 425, and has a molecular weight of 50.2 kDa. The recombinant protein includes a 24-amino acid His-tag fused at the N-terminus to facilitate purification. The purification process employs proprietary chromatographic techniques, ensuring high purity.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT14247
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution, sterile-filtered.

RBBP9 Human

Retinoblastoma Binding Protein 9 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human RBBP9, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 206 amino acids (residues 1-186). It has a molecular weight of 23.1 kDa. The protein includes a 20 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT14319
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
A clear, sterile solution.
Definition and Classification

Retinoblastoma is the most common malignant intraocular tumor in children, primarily affecting the retina . It can be classified into two main types based on its presentation:

  • Unilateral Retinoblastoma: Affects one eye and constitutes about 60-75% of cases .
  • Bilateral Retinoblastoma: Affects both eyes and is almost always hereditary .

Retinoblastoma can also be classified based on its spread:

  • Intraocular Retinoblastoma: Confined within the eye .
  • Extraocular Retinoblastoma: Spread outside the eye, further divided into orbital and metastatic retinoblastomas .
Biological Properties

Retinoblastoma arises from the nuclear layer of the retina and exhibits different growth patterns: endophytic, exophytic, and mixed . The key biological properties include:

  • Expression Patterns: The RB1 gene is crucial, and its inactivation leads to the development of retinoblastoma .
  • Tissue Distribution: Primarily affects the retina but can spread to other parts of the eye and beyond in advanced stages .
Biological Functions

The primary biological functions of the retinoblastoma protein (pRB) include:

  • Cell Cycle Control: pRB regulates the cell cycle by inhibiting cell cycle progression until the cell is ready to divide .
  • Genome Integrity: Preserves genome integrity and mediates differentiation .
  • Apoptosis: Protects cells from apoptosis .
Modes of Action

The mechanisms of action of pRB involve interactions with various molecules and cells:

  • Binding Partners: pRB interacts with E2F transcription factors, cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), and other proteins .
  • Downstream Signaling Cascades: pRB’s phosphorylation status affects its interaction with binding partners, influencing cell cycle progression and other cellular processes .
Regulatory Mechanisms

The expression and activity of pRB are controlled by several regulatory mechanisms:

  • Transcriptional Regulation: The RB1 gene is regulated at the transcriptional level by various factors .
  • Post-Translational Modifications: pRB undergoes phosphorylation, acetylation, and other modifications that influence its function .
Applications

Retinoblastoma has several applications in biomedical research, diagnostics, and therapeutics:

  • Biomedical Research: Advances in genetics and molecular biology have improved our understanding of retinoblastoma .
  • Diagnostic Tools: Molecular markers and genomic analysis aid in early detection and prognosis .
  • Therapeutic Strategies: Targeted therapies, gene therapy, and novel drugs are being explored for treating retinoblastoma .
Role in the Life Cycle

Retinoblastoma plays a significant role throughout the life cycle:

  • Development: The RB1 gene is crucial for normal retinal development .
  • Aging and Disease: Mutations in the RB1 gene can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation .
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