Recombinant Proteins

HLA
p53
LBP
CEA
TCL
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Product List

HLA-C Human

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I C Human Recombinant

HLA-C Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 307 amino acids (25-308) and having a molecular mass of 34.9kDa.
HLA-C is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT4958
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.

HLA-DOA Human

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II DO Alpha Human Recombinant

HLA-DOA Human Recombinant produced in E. coli is a single polypeptide chain containing 215 amino acids (26-217) and having a molecular mass of 24.1kDa. HLA-DOA is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT5050
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.

HLA-DOB Human

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II DO Beta Human Recombinant

HLA-DOB Human Recombinant produced in E. coli is a single polypeptide chain containing 222 amino acids (27-224) and having a molecular mass of 25.2 kDa.
HLA-DOB is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT5109
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

HLA-DRA Human

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II DR Alpha Human Recombinant

HLA-DRA Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 212 amino acids (26-216 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 24.3kDa.
HLA-DRA is fused to a 21 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT5223
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.

HLA-DRB1 Human

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II DR Beta 1 Human Recombinant

HLA-DRB1 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 219 amino acids (30-227 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 25.2kDa.
HLA-DRB1 is fused to a 21 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT5308
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.

HLA-DRB1 Human, Sf9

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II DR Beta 1 Human Recombinant, Sf9

HLA-DRB1 produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 207 amino acids (30-227a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 24.0kDa. (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 28-40kDa). HLA-DRB1 is expressed with a 9 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT5371
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

HLA-F Human

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I F Human Recombinant

HLA-F Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 307 amino acids (22-305a.a) and having a molecular mass of 35.1kDa.
HLA-F is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT5436
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

HLA-G Human

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I G Human Recombinant

HLA-G Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 309 amino acids (25-308 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 35.3kDa.
HLA-G is fused to a 25 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT5514
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.

Introduction

Definition and Classification

The Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) system, also known as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in humans, is a group of genes located on chromosome 6 that encode cell-surface proteins responsible for the regulation of the immune system . HLA genes are divided into three main classes:

  • Class I HLA: Includes HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C. These molecules are present on the surface of all nucleated cells and present peptides from inside the cell to cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T cells) .
  • Class II HLA: Includes HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, and HLA-DR. These molecules are primarily expressed on professional antigen-presenting cells such as B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, and present extracellular peptides to helper T cells (CD4+ T cells) .
  • Class III HLA: Encodes components of the complement system and other molecules involved in inflammation .
Biological Properties

HLA molecules are highly polymorphic, meaning they have many different alleles, which allows for a diverse range of peptide presentation and fine-tuning of the immune response . Key biological properties include:

  • Expression Patterns: Class I HLA molecules are expressed on all nucleated cells, while Class II HLA molecules are primarily expressed on antigen-presenting cells .
  • Tissue Distribution: Class I HLA molecules are ubiquitous, whereas Class II HLA molecules are found on immune cells and can be induced on other cell types by interferon-gamma .
Biological Functions

The primary biological functions of HLA molecules include:

  • Immune Response: HLA molecules present peptide antigens to T cells, initiating immune responses .
  • Pathogen Recognition: By presenting pathogen-derived peptides, HLA molecules enable the immune system to recognize and respond to infections .
  • Self vs. Non-Self Discrimination: HLA molecules help the immune system distinguish between self and non-self cells, preventing autoimmune reactions .
Modes of Action

HLA molecules interact with other molecules and cells through several mechanisms:

  • Binding Partners: Class I HLA molecules bind to CD8+ T cells, while Class II HLA molecules bind to CD4+ T cells .
  • Downstream Signaling Cascades: The binding of HLA-peptide complexes to T cell receptors triggers signaling cascades that lead to T cell activation and proliferation .
Regulatory Mechanisms

The expression and activity of HLA molecules are tightly regulated through various mechanisms:

  • Transcriptional Regulation: HLA gene expression is regulated by transcription factors and cytokines such as interferon-gamma .
  • Post-Translational Modifications: HLA molecules undergo modifications such as glycosylation, which can affect their stability and function .
Applications

HLA molecules have numerous applications in biomedical research and clinical practice:

  • Biomedical Research: HLA typing is essential for understanding immune responses and disease associations .
  • Diagnostic Tools: HLA typing is used in organ transplantation to ensure compatibility between donors and recipients .
  • Therapeutic Strategies: HLA molecules are targets for immunotherapies and vaccine development .
Role in the Life Cycle

HLA molecules play crucial roles throughout the life cycle:

  • Development: HLA molecules are involved in the development of the immune system and the selection of T cells in the thymus .
  • Aging: Changes in HLA expression and function can affect immune responses in aging individuals .
  • Disease: HLA polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to various diseases, including autoimmune disorders and infections .
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