Recombinant Proteins

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PDCD6 Human

Programmed Cell Death 6 Human Recombinant

Produced in E. coli, our PDCD6 is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 211 amino acids (1-191a.a.) with a molecular weight of 24.0 kDa. It consists of a single chain, with a 20 amino acid His-tag fused at the N-terminus. The protein undergoes purification using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8098
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution, sterile-filtered.

PDCD6IP Human

Programmed Cell Death 6 Interacting Protein Human Recombinant

This product is a recombinant human PDCD6IP protein produced in E. coli. It is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 45.8 kDa. The protein consists of amino acids 1-392 of the human PDCD6IP sequence and has a 20 amino acid His-tag fused to its N-terminus. It is purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT8169
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

PDCD1LG2 Human

Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Human Recombinant

This product contains a lab-made version of the human PDCD1LG2 protein. It's a single chain of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins, and it's very pure. This specific format makes it useful for research purposes.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT7689
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
The product is a clear and colorless liquid that has been sterilized.

PDCD1LG2 Human, Sf9

Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Human Recombinant, Sf9

Recombinant human PDCD1LG2 protein was expressed in Sf9 insect cells using a baculovirus expression system. The protein is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain that consists of 423 amino acids, spanning from amino acid positions 20 to 200a. It has a molecular weight of 47.7 kDa, but due to glycosylation, it appears as a band between 40-57 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The protein contains a 239 amino acid human IgG-His tag fused to its C-terminus, which facilitates purification using proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT7806
Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Appearance
Sterile Filtered, clear and colorless solution.

PDCD4 Human

Programmed Cell Death 4 Human Recombinant

This product is a recombinant human PDCD4 protein produced in E. coli bacteria. It is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 51 kDa.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT7892
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear and colorless liquid, free from particles.

PDCD5 Human

Programmed Cell Death-5 Human Recombinant

Recombinant PDCD5, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 125 amino acids. It has a molecular weight of 14 kDa.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT7998
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile, colorless solution.

PDCD1 Human

Programmed Cell Death 1 Human Recombinant

Recombinant Human PDCD1, produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells, is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 392 amino acids (21-170a.a.). It has a molecular mass of 44.0 kDa. However, on SDS-PAGE, the molecular size appears to be approximately 40-57 kDa. This discrepancy can be attributed to glycosylation. The PDCD1 protein is expressed with a 239 amino acid hIgG-His tag at the C-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT7485
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution, sterile-filtered.

PDCD1 Human, Active

Programmed Cell Death 1 Human Recombinant, Active

This product consists of the human PDCD1 protein, which has been produced in a lab setting using HEK293 cells. This particular format of PDCD1 is a single chain containing 383 amino acids, with a portion of the protein (amino acids 21-170) representing the active part. To facilitate purification and detection, a tag (hIgG-His-Tag) is attached to the end of the protein. The final purified product appears as a single band on a protein gel (SDS-PAGE), indicating a high level of purity. Glycosylation, a common modification in proteins, is present in this recombinant PDCD1.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT7553
Source

HEK293 Cells.

Appearance

The product is a clear, colorless liquid that has been sterilized by filtration.

Definition and Classification

Programmed Cell Death (PCD) refers to the regulated process by which cells undergo self-destruction in a controlled manner. This process is essential for maintaining homeostasis and proper development in multicellular organisms. PCD can be classified into several types, including:

  • Apoptosis: Often termed as cellular suicide, it involves a series of biochemical events leading to characteristic cell changes and death .
  • Autophagy: This involves the degradation of cellular components through the lysosomal machinery .
  • Necroptosis: A form of programmed necrosis that serves as a backup to apoptosis when the latter is inhibited .
Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties:

  • Expression Patterns: PCD is expressed in various tissues and is crucial during development, such as the differentiation of fingers and toes in embryos .
  • Tissue Distribution: PCD occurs in almost all tissues, playing a role in removing damaged or unnecessary cells .
Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions:

  • Development: PCD is vital for proper tissue and organ development, such as the formation of separate digits in embryos .
  • Immune Responses: PCD helps in eliminating infected or damaged cells, thus preventing the spread of pathogens .
  • Pathogen Recognition: Cells undergoing PCD can release signals that alert the immune system to the presence of pathogens .
Modes of Action

Mechanisms:

  • Intrinsic Pathway: Triggered by internal stimuli like DNA damage, leading to the activation of pro-apoptotic proteins .
  • Extrinsic Pathway: Initiated by external signals binding to death receptors on the cell surface .
  • Binding Partners: Proteins like Bcl-2 and Bax regulate the susceptibility of cells to apoptosis .
  • Downstream Signaling Cascades: Activation of caspases, which are proteases that degrade cellular components .
Regulatory Mechanisms

Control of Expression and Activity:

  • Transcriptional Regulation: Genes like p53 play a crucial role in regulating PCD by halting the cell cycle and initiating DNA repair .
  • Post-Translational Modifications: Modifications such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination regulate the activity of proteins involved in PCD .
Applications

Biomedical Research:

  • Diagnostic Tools: Biomarkers of PCD can be used to diagnose diseases like cancer .
  • Therapeutic Strategies: Targeting PCD pathways can help in developing treatments for diseases where cell death is dysregulated, such as cancer .
Role in the Life Cycle

Throughout the Life Cycle:

  • Development: PCD is crucial during embryonic development for proper tissue and organ formation .
  • Aging: PCD helps in removing senescent cells, thus maintaining tissue homeostasis .
  • Disease: Dysregulation of PCD can lead to diseases like cancer and neurodegenerative disorders .
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