Recombinant Proteins

TTC
p53
LBP
CEA
HLA
TCL
NPM
MAF
Bax
BID

TTC32 Human

Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain 32 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human TTC32, expressed in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 19.7 kDa. This protein comprises 174 amino acids, including the 151 amino acids of TTC32 and a 23 amino acid His-tag fused to the N-terminus. Purification is achieved through proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT11558
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

TTC33 Human

Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain 33 Human Recombinant

Recombinant TTC33 protein, of human origin, was produced in E. coli. It is a single polypeptide chain consisting of 285 amino acids (amino acids 1-262) with a molecular weight of 31.8 kDa. For purification purposes, a 23 amino acid His-tag was added to the N-terminus and proprietary chromatographic techniques were employed.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT11640
Source
E.coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless and sterile filtered solution.

TTC1 Human

Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain 1 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human TTC1 protein, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 316 amino acids (1-292 a.a) with a molecular mass of 36.1 kDa. Note that the molecular weight on SDS-PAGE will appear higher. This protein includes a 24 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT11293
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
Definition and Classification

The Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) is a risk assessment principle that establishes a generic exposure level for chemicals below which there is no appreciable risk to human health . This approach is particularly useful for assessing substances with limited toxicological data, such as impurities in food, cosmetics, and environmental contaminants . The TTC concept is often classified based on the Cramer classification scheme, which categorizes chemicals into three classes based on their chemical structure and potential toxicity .

Biological Properties

The TTC approach itself does not have biological properties, as it is a risk assessment tool rather than a biological entity. However, it is applied to various substances that may have diverse biological properties. These substances can be distributed across different tissues and exhibit various expression patterns depending on their chemical nature and biological interactions .

Biological Functions

The primary function of the TTC approach is to provide a preliminary risk assessment for low-level chemical exposures. It helps in identifying substances that require more detailed toxicological evaluation versus those that can be presumed to pose minimal risk . This is crucial in the context of immune responses and pathogen recognition, as it aids in prioritizing substances for further study based on their potential health impacts .

Modes of Action

The TTC approach operates by comparing the estimated human exposure to a substance with established TTC values. These values are derived from extensive toxicological data and are categorized into low, moderate, or high toxicity . The mechanism involves assessing the chemical structure and potential interactions with biological molecules and cells to determine the likelihood of adverse effects .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory mechanisms for the TTC approach involve guidelines and frameworks established by regulatory bodies such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These guidelines dictate how TTC values are derived and applied in risk assessments . Transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications are not directly applicable to the TTC approach itself but are relevant to the substances being assessed .

Applications

The TTC approach has several applications in biomedical research, including the initial screening of chemicals in food safety, pharmaceuticals, and environmental health . It is also used in developing diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies by identifying substances that require further toxicological evaluation . This approach helps streamline the risk assessment process, making it more efficient and cost-effective .

Role in the Life Cycle

Throughout the life cycle, the TTC approach plays a critical role in ensuring the safety of various substances from development to aging and disease . By providing a preliminary assessment of potential risks, it helps in the early identification of harmful substances, thereby protecting public health and guiding regulatory decisions .

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