Recombinant Proteins

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DDX39A Human

DEAD Box Protein 39A Human Recombinant

Recombinant human DDX39A, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 274 amino acids (residues 1-249) with a molecular weight of 31 kDa. It includes a 25 amino acid His-tag fused at the N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT29047
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear, sterile solution without color.

DDX56 Human

DEAD Box Protein 56 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human DDX56, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 570 amino acids (residues 1-547). A 23 amino acid His-tag is fused to the N-terminus, resulting in a protein with a molecular weight of 64 kDa. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT29115
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear, sterile filtered solution.
Definition and Classification

DEAD box proteins are a family of ATP-dependent RNA helicases characterized by the conserved amino acid sequence Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD) in motif II. These proteins are involved in various aspects of RNA metabolism, including transcription, splicing, ribosome biogenesis, and translation . They belong to the superfamily II (SF2) of helicases and are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: DEAD box proteins are highly conserved and contain nine motifs essential for ATP binding, hydrolysis, and RNA interaction . They exhibit RNA-dependent ATPase activity and ATP-dependent RNA helicase activity .

Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: DEAD box proteins are ubiquitously expressed in various tissues, with specific members showing tissue-specific expression patterns. For example, the Vasa protein is predominantly expressed in germ cells .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: DEAD box proteins play crucial roles in RNA metabolism, including nuclear transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, ribosome biogenesis, nucleocytoplasmic transport, translation, RNA decay, and organellar gene expression .

Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: DEAD box proteins are involved in the immune response by recognizing and binding to viral RNA, thereby facilitating the activation of antiviral signaling pathways . They also play a role in the modulation of immune responses to bacterial infections .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: DEAD box proteins interact with various RNA molecules and protein partners to facilitate RNA processing and remodeling . They can act as RNA chaperones, promoting the formation of optimal RNA structures, or as RNPases, mediating RNA-protein association/dissociation .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: DEAD box proteins bind to RNA and ATP, leading to conformational changes that enable the unwinding of RNA duplexes or the displacement of bound proteins . These interactions are crucial for the formation and remodeling of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Transcriptional Regulation: The expression of DEAD box proteins is regulated at the transcriptional level by various transcription factors and signaling pathways .

Post-Translational Modifications: DEAD box proteins undergo post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination, which modulate their activity, stability, and interactions with other molecules .

Applications

Biomedical Research: DEAD box proteins are used as model systems to study RNA metabolism and helicase activity .

Diagnostic Tools: The expression levels of certain DEAD box proteins can serve as biomarkers for various diseases, including cancer .

Therapeutic Strategies: Targeting DEAD box proteins with small molecules or RNA-based therapies holds potential for treating diseases associated with dysregulated RNA metabolism .

Role in the Life Cycle

Development to Aging and Disease: DEAD box proteins play essential roles throughout the life cycle, from embryonic development to aging . They are involved in processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis . Dysregulation of DEAD box proteins has been linked to various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and viral infections .

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