Recombinant Proteins
Product List
RALA Human
V-ral Simian Leukemia Viral Oncogene Homolog A Human Recombinant
RALA Mouse
V-ral Simian Leukemia Viral Oncogene Homolog A Mouse Recombinant
RALB Human
V-ral Simian Leukemia Viral Oncogene Homolog B Human Recombinant
Introduction
The V-ral Simian Leukemia Viral Oncogene, also known as RALA (RAS Like Proto-Oncogene A), is a member of the small GTPase superfamily, specifically the Ras family of proteins . It is a protein-coding gene that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including gene expression, cell migration, cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation, and membrane trafficking .
Key Biological Properties: RALA is a multifunctional GTPase involved in a variety of cellular processes. It acts as a GTP sensor for GTP-dependent exocytosis of dense core vesicles and regulates integrin-dependent membrane raft exocytosis and growth signaling .
Expression Patterns: RALA is expressed in various tissues, with significant expression in the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle .
Tissue Distribution: The protein is localized at the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane and is involved in post-Golgi targeting of secretory vesicles .
Primary Biological Functions: RALA is involved in gene expression, cell migration, cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation, and membrane trafficking . It also supports the stabilization and elongation of the intracellular bridge between dividing cells during mitosis .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: RALA plays a role in the immune response by regulating the exocyst complex, which is essential for the secretion of immune mediators . It also competes with GRK2 for binding to LPAR1, affecting the signaling properties of the receptor .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: RALA interacts with various downstream effectors, including EXO84 and SEC5, to regulate the assembly of the exocyst complex . It also interacts with TBK1 to support tumor cell survival by recruiting and activating TBK1 .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: RALA binds to GTP and interacts with the exocyst components EXO84 and SEC5. This interaction is crucial for the assembly and localization of the exocyst complex . Additionally, RALA competes with phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate for EXO84 binding .
Transcriptional Regulation: The expression of RALA is regulated by various transcription factors and upstream signaling pathways .
Post-Translational Modifications: RALA undergoes post-translational modifications, such as geranylgeranylation, which affects its localization and biological activity . The conversion from the GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form is catalyzed by Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) .
Biomedical Research: RALA is used as a model to study various cellular processes, including cell migration, proliferation, and oncogenic transformation .
Diagnostic Tools: The expression levels of RALA can be used as a biomarker for certain cancers and neurodevelopmental disorders .
Therapeutic Strategies: Small molecule inhibitors targeting RALA and its downstream effectors are being explored as potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment .
Development to Aging and Disease: RALA plays a crucial role throughout the life cycle, from development to aging. It is involved in various cellular processes that are essential for normal development and function . Dysregulation of RALA activity is associated with various diseases, including cancer and neurodevelopmental disorders .
